TA Review 2 Questions Flashcards
Right kidney is _____ than the left kidney.
a) Lower
b) Higher
c) Same level as
a) Lower
cuz of the liver
Patient with TB was given a X-ray that revealed the following inflammation. Which of his function is affected?
a) Extension of hip
b) Flexion of hip
c) Lateral rotation of hip
d) Medial rotation of hip
b) Flexion of the hip
- psoas sign = pain during extension, but the psoas’ action is to flex the hip
Patient with appendicitis presents with positive psoas sign. This is when the hip is _____ against counter resistance.
a) Extended
b) Flexed
c) Laterally rotated
d) Medially rotated
a) Extended
Name three clinical features of appendicitis.
1) Periumbilical referred pain (Lesser splanchnic)
2) Lower right quadrant somatic pain (Intercostal)
3) Psoas sign = pain on extension of hip
What lumbar nerve travels within the psoas muscle?
a) Subcostal n.
b) Iliohypogastric n.
c) Ilioinguinal n.
d) Genitofemoral n.
e) Lateral cutaneous n. of the thigh
d) Genitofemoral nerve
A couple presents with right liver and splenic pathologies respectively. Where might they feel referred pain?
Bare area Liver => Right phrenic => right shoulder
Spleen => Left phrenic => left shoulder pain
Quadratus lumborum muscle passes behind which part of the diaphragm?
a) Median arcuate ligament
b) Medial arcuate ligament
c) Lateral arcuate ligament
c) Lateral arcuate ligament
Which artery branches first from the abdominal aorta?
a) Celiac trunk
b) Inferior phrenic a.
c) Left and right renal a.
d) Splenic a.
b) Inferior phrenic artery
Median sacral artery comes off of the aorta at which vertebral level?
a) T12
b) L2
c) L4
d) S2
e) S4
c) L4 - it comes off at the same place as the bifurcation –> common iliac arteries
Which is a sensory nerve originating from T12?
a) Greater splanchnic n.
b) Lesser splanchnic n.
c) Ilioinguinal n.
d) Genitofemoral n.
e) Subcostal n.
e) Subcostal nerve
The least splanchnic (T12) synapses at the aortico-renal ganglion –> kidneys
The lumbar splanchnic nerves (L1-L2) synapse at the inferior mesenteric ganglion –> hindgut
Patient is sent to the ER after being hit in the groin by a football. What nerve conveys sensation to the testes? To the skin of scrotum?
Testes (visceral):
Lesser (T11) and Least (T12) splanchnics = referred pain to lower abdomen
Skin of scrotum:
Pudendal n. (S2-S4)
Cancer of the kidneys will drain into all of the following except:
a) Cisterna chyli
b) Lumbar nodes
c) Lateral aortic nodes
d) Preaortic nodes
e) Thoracic duct
d) Preaortic nodes (they drain the GI system)
During routine checkup, non-metastatic kidney cancer was detected in your patient. Where might you find the neoplasm?
a) Anterior pararenal space
b) Perirenal space
c) Posterior pararenal space
b) Perirenal space
- it is benign (contained)
During surgery to treat pheochromocytoma of the right side, Dr. W accidently nicked this blood vessel lying anterior to the organ of interest. What is the vessel?
a) Aorta
b) IVC
c) Right renal vein
d) Right inferior phrenic artery
e) Thoracic Duct
b) IVC
Patient suffers from severe compression of the right renal vein. Physical examination reveals that the area around the right testes is…
Normal. Right gonadal vein drains into the IVC. The left gonadal trains into the left renal vein.
Patient with nutcracker syndrome suffers from edema of the left ovary. This is caused by the compression of ____ by ____?
Compression of the left renal vein by the SMA
Gonadal arteries comes from ____?
Gonadal veins drain into ____?
Gonadal arteries come from the aorta.
Right gonadal vein drains into the IVC. Left one drains into the left renal vein first, then to the IVC.
Left renal a. is _____ than right renal a.
Left renal v. is _____ than right renal v.
a) Longer
b) Shorter
Left renal artery is shorter than the right.
Left renal vein is longer than the right.
Ascent of a horseshoe kidney would be blocked by this vascular structure.
a) Celiac trunk
b) Superior mesentery artery
c) Inferior mesentery artery
d) Renal arteries
e) Renal veins
c) Inferior mesenteric artery
Patient with kidney stone may feel referred pain in these dermatones.
a) T5-T9
b) T10-T11
c) T12-L1
d) L2-L4
e) S2-S4
c) T12-L1 (least splanchnic - upper part of kidneys, lumbar splanchnic - lower ureters, bladder)
The level of the iliac crest (L4) denotes:
a) False pelvis
b) True pelvis
a) False pelvis
What makes up the pelvic floor?
Pelvic diaphragm + urogenital diaphragm
What makes up the pelvic diaphragm? (3+1 muscles)
Levator ani
- Puborectalis (innermost = closest to rectum)
- Pubococcygeus
- Iliococcygeus
Coccygeus
During laparoscopic surgery of a female patient, a needle pierces the anterior vaginal fornix to reach this space.
a) Rectouterine pouch
b) Rectovesical pouch
c) Vesicouterine pouch
d) Deep perineal pouch
e) Superficial perineal pouch
c) Vesicouterine pouch
What is the normal position of the uterus?
a) Anteflexed and Anteverted
b) Retroflexed and Anteverted
c) Anteflexed and Retroverted
d) Retroflexed and Retroverted
a) Anteflexed and Anteverted
What does “water under the bridge” refer to in anatomy?
a) Position of ureter vs. uterine artery
b) Position of ovarian artery vs. uterus
c) Position of ureter vs. uterus
d) How to distinguish a bridge from an aqueduct
a) Position of ureter vs. uterine artery
Dr. Butterfingers was confused about the previous reference and ligated the ureter instead of the uterine artery during surgery. What might his patient develop?
a) Portal hypertension
b) Hydronephrosis
c) Kidney stones
d) Cholesystitis
e) Jaundice
b) Hydronephrosis
Which resembles a poorly made ghost costume?
a) Broad ligament of the uterus
b) Round ligament of the uterus
c) Transverse cervical ligament
d) Uterosacral ligament
e) Pubovesical ligament
a) Broad ligament of the uterus
The bulb of the vestibule lies deep to which structure?
a) Ischiocavernosus
b) Bulbocavernosus
c) Bulbospongiosus
d) Bartholin’s gland
b) Bulbocavernosus and c) Bulbospongiosus
they are the same thing
X-ray shows an organ with mucosa folds/ridges that run across the entire diameter of the structure. What organ is being visualized?
a) Jejunum
b) Ascending colon
c) Anus
a) Jejunum
- plicae circulares traverse the entire diameter, haustra (large intestine) are only indentations
What is found in the upper left quadrant?
a) Hepatic flexure
b) Gallbladder
c) Appendix
d) Splenic flexure
d) Splenic flexure
- remember that this is a “watershed” area
Patient who has a poor diet composed of little or no fiber may have pain in this quadrant.
a) RUQ
b) RLQ
c) LUQ
d) LLQ
no fiber, think diverticulosis (happens in distal colon)
d) LLQ
other choices:
a) RUQ => liver pathology or cholecystitis
b) RLQ => appendicitis
c) LUQ => spleen rupture
