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Chemistry > T6 - Testing for Anions and Cations > Flashcards

T6 - Testing for Anions and Cations Flashcards

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1
Q

What is a flame test used for

A

To show the presence of certain metal ions in a compound

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2
Q

How to carry out a flame test

A
  • dip a platinum or nichrome wire into concentrated hydrochloric acid to remove any impurities
  • dip the wire into the salt being tested
  • hold the wire with the salt over a roaring bunsen burner flame
  • observe the colour
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3
Q

what colour is formed in the flame test for lithium

A

red

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4
Q

what colour is formed in the flame test for sodium

A

yellow

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5
Q

what colour is formed in the flame test for potassium

A

lilac

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6
Q

what colour is formed in the flame test for calcium

A

orange-red

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7
Q

what colour is formed in the flame test for copper II

A

blue-green

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8
Q

what is the test for NH4+

A
  • add sodium hydroxide and warm
  • if ammonium ions are present then ammonia gas will form
  • the ammonia gas will turn damp red litmus paper blue
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9
Q

what is the test for Cu2+, Fe2+ and Fe3+

A

add sodium hydroxide and observe the colour

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10
Q

What will form if Copper (II) ions are present, using sodium chloride

A

a blue precipitate

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11
Q

What will form if Iron (II) ions are present, using sodium chloride

A

a green precipitate

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12
Q

What will form if Iron (III) ions are present, using sodium chloride

A

brown/red precipitate

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13
Q

What is the test for Cl-, Br- and I- (Halide ions)

A
  • Add nitric acid to remove impurities
  • add silver nitrate solution and observe
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14
Q

What will happen to chloride ions if they are present, using silver nitrate solution

A

a white precipitate will form

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15
Q

What will happen to bromide ions if they are present, using silver nitrate solution

A

a cream precipitate will form

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16
Q

What will happen to iodide ions if they are present, using silver nitrate solution

A

a yellow precipitate will form

17
Q

How do you test for sulfate ions

A
  • Add HCl to remove impurities
  • Add Barium chloride solution and observe
18
Q

what will happen if sulfate ions are present, using barium chloride solution

A

a white precipitate will form

19
Q

How do you test for carbonate ions

A
  • add HCl and observe
20
Q

What will happen if carbonate ions are present, using HCl

A

effervescence

21
Q

How can you identify the gas formed using HCl

A

test for carbon dioxide using limewater - if carbon dioxide is present, the limewater will turn cloudy

Chemistry (7 decks)

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