T5 Abnormal growth Flashcards
why do fibroblasts not need to adapt?
survive severe metabolic stress
why do epithelials adapt easily?
- liable
- active stem cell
- adaptive function
why can’t cerebral neurons adapt?
- terminally differentiated
- permanent
- specialised function
hypertrophy vs hyperplasia?
+++ cell size vs +++ cell no.
example of subcellular hypertrophy in smooth ER hepatocytes
- P450 oxidases
- +++ drug metabolism
mechanisms of atrophy
- reduction in cells volume
- death of cells
developmental causes of reduced cell mass
- agenesis
- aplasia
- dysgenesis
- hypoplasia
metaplasia
change from one cell type to another
what is the metaplastic tissue of pseudostratified ciliated bronchial epithelium upon exposure to smoking?
- squamous epithelium
what is the metaplastic tissue of transitional epithelium of bladder upon experiencing bladder calcus, schistomosiasis & longstanding catheter?
- squamous epithelium
what is the metaplastic tissue of oesophageal squamous epithelium upon acid reflux?
columnar
what does glandular metaplasia in oesophagus lead to?
adenocarcinoma
what does squamous metaplasia in cervix lead to?
- CIN
- squamous cell carcinoma
what does endometrial hyperplasia due to increased oestrogens lead to?
adenocarcinoma
what does squamous metaplasia in bronchus lead to?
- dysplasia
- squamous cell carcinoma
