T4L4 - The Mysterious Bugs Flashcards
Guillain-Barre syndrome
immune systemattacks the nerves. It’s mainly spread throughmosquitoes, although some cases of sexual transmission have been reported
Virion
Nucleic acid: DNA/RNA, ds or ss, +ve/-ve/ambisense
Protein coat
Enveloped/unenveloped
Nucleocapsid = Nucleic acid + protein coat
Virion = complete particle
Respiratory tract
Influenza
Coryza
Alimentary tract
Gastroenteritis
Skin/mucosa
Warts
Mechanisms of disease at target [5]
NIDIR Necrosis products Inflammatory mediators and lymphokines Dysfunction Immunosuppression Viral replication toxic products
Shedding of virus [8]
MUGGARS - B
Milk Urine Germ cells Genital tract Alimentary Tract Respiratory Tract Saliva Blood
EBV
Differential: Glandular fever
Viral infected B cells expand
T cells expand to control infection
Latent infection of memory B cells established
Level stable until immunosuppression
Transmission Routes
• Skin/mucous membrane • Respiratory tract • Faecal oral • Blood borne • Sexual transmission Vertical transmission - mother to baby
Vertical transmission
Antenatal e.g. transplacental
Perinatal
Postnatal – e.g. breast milk
Persistence of viral DNA [2]
□ Extrachromosomal element (herpesviruses)
Integrated within the host genome (retroviruses)
Herpes simplex virus type 1 or 2
reactivation : fever, blisters or cold sores
Retrovirus infection may result in
Transformation of the cell leading to cancer
Vaccines available for
MMR, Polio, HAV, HBV, HPV, VZV, influenza, etc
