T2 economic change simplified

Question 1

Industry Alex II

Answer 1

+Reutern reforms
+Trans-Siberian railway construction
-this lagged behind West

Question 2

Industry Alex III

Answer 2

+Mendele’ev tariff raised gov revenue

-led to 1891 famine due to exporting grain, domestic grain shortage

Question 3

Industry Nicholas II

Answer 3

+Wittes great spurt modernised ansd increased industrialisation- coal prod doubles, iron and steel sevenfold
+Russia put on gold standard
-Russia taken off gold standard, high taxes and inflation due to ww1
-still behind in terms of railway
+Stolypin saw industrial output increase by 7% a year and gnp by 3.5% a year
-However, Russia coal prod 10% of Britain and GNP 20% of Britain

Question 4

Industry Lenin

Answer 4

+state capitalism-decree on land
-war commu led to militirisation of labour, grain req and nationalisation
-Industry bad in civil wae. Halved production, 8.9 mil ton drop in coal
+NEP boosted industry
-Scissors crisis followed Civil War

Question 5

Industry Stalin

Answer 5

+- Scissors crisis allowed Stalin to blame Kulaks for economic crisis
+Basically achieved autarky through 5 year plans and massively boosted industrialisation
+5 year plans exceeded goals
-huge human toll

Question 6

Industry Khrushchev

Answer 6

+Arms and space race- russia the first to walk on the moon
+Added nuclear tech
-Stuck to centralised Stalinist economy

Question 7

Agriculture Alex II

Answer 7

+E of serfs- incentivised serfs to work and led to grain surplus
-Peasants tied down by R payments and mir

Question 8

Agriculture Alex III

Answer 8

+Bunge created Peasant Land bank in 1883
-Peasant characters blamed for failure to raise food production-tightly controlled by land captains
-Undermined by nobles land bank
+Abolition of salt and poll taxes

Question 9

Agriculture Nicholas II

Answer 9

+Stolypin wager on the strong- allowed to buy more land, removal of R payments
-Led to kulaks who were blamed for economy problems

Question 10

Agriculture Lenin

Answer 10

+Land decree- theoretically equal land share
-Used to gain support, state actually owned land due to war communism
+Grain req due to war communism
-No more grain req with NEP

Question 11

Agriculture Stalin

Answer 11

-Liquidated Kulak class- 1-3 mil familied exiled 1928-32, 30000 shot
+Collectivisation boosted ag production- 98% farms in Kolkhozy by 1941
-Rural labour workforce shortage-fled
+MTS boosted ag production

Question 12

Agriculture Khrushchev

Answer 12

+Tried to fix high prices in farming and created larger blocs
+VLS short term success
-VLS long term failure
+Food production raised, but not significantly