T160c Threats To Agriculture Flashcards
Threats to agriculture in trade
Agriculture pest and disease
Most commonly intercepted in conveyances and imported cargo
Examples of wood boring bettles
Asian longhorn beetle(detected in Michigan 2002, arrived in US in wooden packaging)
Emerald ash borer( detected in NY 1996)
Asian gypsy moth
From russia, japan, china, north korea
Fly’s over 25 miles
Kharpa bettle
Prefers stored product and dried food
Found in safflower seeds
Intercepted in basmati rice
Africanized honey bee
Cross african and european bees from Mexico and south america
Aggressive bee
Sting response 10 times greater
Contaminants found on cargo
Animal material( blood, manure)
Plants material(hay,straw,left over seed)
Soil(thin film)
Most hitchhiking pest are
Insects
Seed material
Snails
Pest invasion potential
Smuggled products Air cargo Refrigerated cargo Pax baggage Private air and sea craft
Smuggled product are often what
Commingled with legit agricultural product
Which agencies is CBP partnered with from APHIS to find and stop agriculture smuggling
Smuggling interdiction and trade compliance(SITC)
Investigative and enforcement services
IES
Agriculture duties in CBP POE
USDA functions transferred to DHS
Quarantine and other relevant functions retained by USDA
MOA for cbp
Cbp will perform the functions listed above in trade clearance environment
MOA for APHIS
Identify pest found by CBP
Cbp officers should become familiar with agricultural documents to
Compare commodity with info found on document
Differentiate between valid, complete documents and invalid documents
Types of agriculture documents
Permits
Phytosanitary certs
Animal product certs
Three types of permits
Both from APHIS
PPQ
VS
Fish and wildlife
CITES
What does PPQ allow you to do
Import plant material
PPQ permit types
Written- for commercial and admissible items
Departmental- prohibited plant material
What color are permits to import ant or ant products
Green and yellow
Plant inspection station
Located near 17 ports
Transit permits correspond to what types of bonds
T&E time restricted, issued to ensure shipment safeguarded
IE
Cargo must be exported through same port
CBPs role in enforcing transit permit regulation
Monitor movement of transit
Enforce written permit conditions
Verify exit of cargo under T&E , IE
Permit to move live plant and noxious weed
List conditions to be met
Not to be hand carried
Be signed by issuing official
Contains lost of regulated articles
What color label does live plant pest permit have
Red and white
Confirm package not damaged
Confirm permit package
Re label package
Protected plant permit
Does not authorize importation
Need CITES
Issued for import/export and re exportation of endangered and CITES plants
CITES
Needs stamp with signature on it
Vet product permit
Import prohibited or restricted animal products
VS form 16-6a
Permit for import/transportation of controlled materials and organism and vectors
Phytosanitary cert
Attest to plant freedom from pest
Always refer items with this certificate, form may not be in english
What is a pathway
How products and pest enter the US
Natural spread( cant control)
International travel methods
Cargo, conveyances, garbage, mail, packaging material, passenger baggage
Safeguarding applies to products and articles whose importation is prohibited or restricted by
Title 7 agriculture
Title 9 animals and animal products
Which conveyance has highest potential for agriculture risk
Commercial
Which is second
And which is third
Air cargo
Refrigerated cargo
What is the risk US military carriers such as humvers, tanks and filed gear carry
Soil, hitchhiking pest
Private carriers
Have least agriculture pest invasion
Aircraft areas of concern
Quarter, galleys and stores
Cargo holds
Aircraft garbage
Must be maintained until steam sterilized or incinerated
Garbage must be in
Covered and leakproof containers
Foreign garbage is pathway for pest
Vessel threats areas of concern
Quarters Galleys Stores Decks Cargo holds
Why do we seal
Safeguarding measure which prevents the use or movement of commodity on board
Threats associated with decks
Africanized honey bee
Asian gypsy moth
Garbage
What threats can cargo hold
Insect
Contaminants
Lack of oxygen
Lack of natural lighting
Two main components ro threats associated with cargo
Commodities
Related aspects
Examples of agricultural commodities
Plant products
Animal products
Miscellaneous
All foreign cargo of agriculture interest is cleared at the first port of arrival
True or false
True
Residue cargo and transmit permit are exceptions to general policy
True or false
True
Safeguarding procedures
Review cargo
Hold shipments of agriculture concern
Refer to cbp agg specialist
Related aspects threats in cargo
Containers
Packaging material(solid wood, miscellaneous)
Mail and courier services
Threat types
Hitchhiking pest
Contaminants
Wood packing material except from Canada needs to be
Heat treated, fumigated
Marked accordingly
Burlap
If new release
Used refer to cbp AS
Straw
Importer removes and destroys
