T1 YR10 - Atomic Structure Flashcards
What is an atom?
Substance made up of little particles
What is an element?
Substance made up of only one atom
What is a compound?
Substance made up of 2 or more types of atoms chemically bonded together
What is the law of conservation of mass?
Total mass of products formed in a reaction is = to total mass of reactants (Energy cannot be created nor destroyed)
What is aqueous?
Substance dissolved in water
Is there any chemical bonds between substances in a mixture?
No
What is filtration used for?
Used to seperate substances that are insoluble in a particular solvent
What are the 3 types of separating mixtures?
Filtration, crystallisation, distillation
What is the 2 advanced methods?
Fractional distillation, paper chromatography
In fractional distillation, what does miscible mean?
Liquids that dissolve into each other, mixing completely
What is paper chromatography used for?
Used to seperate substances from mixtures in a solution
What did John Dalton discover?
Believed atoms couldn’t be divided and were just tiny hard here’s with different masses
What did JJ Thomson discover?
PLUM PUDDING MODEL - Discovered the electron
What did Ernest Rutherford do?
Golf foil experiment and discovered the nucleus that contains very dense protons
What did Niels Bohr discover?
Suggested electrons must be orbiting nucleus at different distances (shells, energy levels)
What did James Chadwick discover?
Neutrons, the missing mass from the nucleus
What is the relative mass of an electron?
1
——
2000
Where on an element in periodic table is the atomic number?
Proton number, on the bottom
Where on an element in periodic table is the mass number?
Nucleon number, number of protons and neutrons, on the top
What is an ion?
A charged atom
What is an isotope?
An atoms with the same number of protons but different number of neutrons
What is an energy level?
The shell where electrons obit the nucleus at different distances (energy levels)
What group are the noble gases?
Group 0
What is the exception in group 0
All elements have 8 electrons on outer shell apart from HELIUM WHICH HAS 2
