T1: Growth and Development: Toddler/Preschool

Question 1

toddler: weight

Answer 1

weight is 4 times the birth rate by 2 ½ years

Question 2

toddler: height

Answer 2

at 2 years height is 50% of future adult height

Question 3

toddler: head circumference

Answer 3

19 ½ to 20 inches by 2 years; increases only 3 cm in second year; achieves 90% of adult-sized brain by 2 years

Question 4

anterior fontanel closes by

Answer 4

18 months

Question 5

Toddler gross motor skills 15 months

Answer 5

walks without help

Question 6

Toddler gross motor skills 18 months

Answer 6

jumps in place

Question 7

Toddler gross motor skills 24 months

Answer 7

-Goes up stairs (with 2 feet on each step)
-Runs fairly well (wide stance)

Question 8

toddler fine motor development 15 months

Answer 8

-uses cup well
-builds tower of 2 blocks

Question 9

toddler fine motor development 24-30 months

Answer 9

-holds crayon with fingers
-good hand finger coordination

Question 10

toddler fine motor development 3 years

Answer 10

copies circle

Question 11

binocular vision is well developed by

Answer 11

15 months

Question 12

knows name and can refer to self by

Answer 12

12 months

Question 13

follows simple directions by

Answer 13

2 years

Question 14

Identifies geometric forms by

Answer 14

18 months

Question 15

Uses short sentences by

Answer 15

18 months to 2 years

Question 16

Remembers and repeats 3 numbers by

Answer 16

3 years

Question 17

Able to speak 300 words by

Answer 17

2 years

Question 18

Object permanence

Answer 18

knowledge that an object or person continues to exist when not seen, heard, or felt

Question 19

Ritualistic behavior

Answer 19

the toddler’s need to maintain sameness an reliability; provides sense of comfort

Question 20

Sibling Rivalry

Answer 20

often have an intense feelings of jealousy and envy toward a new sibling. Cannot understand that parents can love more than one child.

Question 21

teaching interventions for sibling rivalry

Answer 21

Teach parents to involve the toddler in caring for the baby/perform similar care on a doll and to make individual time just for the toddler.

Question 22

toddler: nutrition

Answer 22

-become picky eaters
-limit milk to less that 32 oz/day to prevent non-deficiency anemia
- avoid large pieces of food such as hot dogs, grapes, cherries, peanuts

Question 23

when can a toddler fully feed themself

Answer 23

3 years

Question 24

Deciduous teeth

Answer 24

The 20 teeth (baby teeth) that begin to erupt around the age of 6 months. Eventually pushed out by the permanent teeth.
-present by 2.5 to 3 years

Question 25

toddler: play

Answer 25

parallel
-Begins as imaginative and make-believe play; may imitate adults in play
-Provide blocks, wheel toys, push toys, puzzles, crayons to develop motor and coordination abilities
-Enjoy repetitive stories and short song with rhythm

Question 26

preschool: weight

Answer 26

growth is slow and steady; gains 4 to 5 pounds/year

Question 27

preschool: height

Answer 27

increases 2 to 3 inches/year

Question 28

motor development: 3 years

Answer 28

Rides tricycle

Question 29

motor development: 4 years

Answer 29

Skips and hops on one foot

Question 30

motor development: 5 years

Answer 30

-Throws and catches ball well
-Balances on alternate feet

Question 31

how many words does a 5 year old know

Answer 31

2100 words

Question 32

preschool nutrition

Answer 32

-Similar to toddler’s eating patterns
-Demonstrates food preferences
-Influenced by others’ eating habits

Question 33

All children should be in a safety or booster seat until

Answer 33

8 years or 80 lbs. (height 4 ft., 9 in)

Question 34

play: preschool

Answer 34

associative
-Enjoys imitative and dramatic play
-common to have imaginary friends
-Imitates same-sex role in play
-Provide toys to develop motor and coordination skills (tricycle, clay, paints, swings, slides)
-Parental supervision of television
-Enjoys “sing-along” song with rhythm