T1 CONT.

Question 1

Resistance occurs without previous exposure to the antibacterial drug

Answer 1

Natural or inherent

Question 2

Caused by prior to exposure to the antibacterial

Answer 2

Acquired resistance

Question 3

Infection acquired while patient is hospitalized

Answer 3

Nosocomial infection/Hospital acquired infection

Question 4

Highly resistant bacteria

Answer 4

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus Aureus (MRSA)

Question 5

Resistant not only to methicillin, but to all penicillin and cephalosporins as well

Answer 5

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus Aureus (MRSA)

Question 6

Treatment of choice for MRSA

Answer 6

VANCOMYCIN

Question 7

General adverse reaction to antibacterial drugs

Answer 7

• Allergy/hypersensitivity reactions
• Superinfection
• Organ toxicity

Question 8

Mild reactions (Allergy and Hypersensitivity)

Answer 8

• rash
• pruritus
• hives/urticaria

Question 9

Severe response of allergy and hypersensitivity

Answer 9

ANAPHYLACTIC SHOCK

Question 10

a serious allergic response that often involves
swelling, hives, lowered blood pressure

Answer 10

Anaphylaxis

Question 11

Results in vascular collapse, laryngeal edema.
Bronchospasm and cardiac arrest.

Answer 11

Anaphylaxis

Question 12

If not treated immediately, it can be fatal

Answer 12

Anaphylaxis

Question 13

Frequently the first symptom of anaphylaxis.

Answer 13

DOB

Question 14

Treatment for mild allergic reaction

Answer 14

Antihistamine

Question 15

Liver and kidney are involved in drug metabolism and excretion.

Answer 15

Organ toxicity

Question 16

Antibacterial may result in damage to these organs

Answer 16

Organ toxicity

Question 17

Example: aminoglycosides can be nephrotic (as well as ototoxic)

Answer 17

Organ toxicity

Question 18

Primarily effective against one type of organism.

Answer 18

NARROW SPECTRUM ANTIBIOTICS

Question 19

Penicillin and erythromycin are used to treat
infection caused by gram positive bacteria.

Answer 19

NARROW SPECTRUM ANTIBIOTICS

Question 20

Effective against gram positive and Gram-negative organisms

Answer 20

BROAD SPECTRUM

Question 21

Used to treat when the offending microorganism is not identified by C/S test

Answer 21

BROAD SPECTRUM

Question 22

Tetracyclines and cephalosporins

Answer 22

BROAD SPECTRUM

Question 23

Natural antibacterial agent obtained from the mold Genus Penicillium

Answer 23

Penicillin

Question 24

Miracle drug

Answer 24

Penicillin

Question 25

First mass produced antibiotic

Answer 25

Penicillin

Question 26

Was the first to be administered orally and by injection

Answer 26

Pen G

Question 27

Food interferes with absorption

Answer 27

Penicillin

Question 28

Was the next type of penicillin produced

Answer 28

Penicillin V

Question 29

Is effective against mild to moderate infections, including anthrax as a biological weapon of bioterrorism

Answer 29

Penicillin V

Question 30

kill bacteria by disrupting their cell wall

Answer 30

Penicillin

Question 31

most common affected by penicillin including streptococci and staphylococci

Answer 31

Gram-positive bacteria

Question 32

Indicated for the treatment of - pneumonia, - meningitis - skin - bone - joint infections

Answer 32

Penicillin

Question 33

Mainly referred to as beta lactam antibiotics

Answer 33

Penicillin

Question 34

Portion of the chemical structure of penicillin that is responsible for its antibacterial activity.

Answer 34

BETA LACTAM RING

Question 35

Interferes with bacterial cell wall synthesis by inhibiting the bacterial enzyme that is necessary for cell division and cellular synthesis.

Answer 35

BETA LACTAM RING

Question 36

Bacteria secretes an enzyme

Answer 36

BETA LACTAMASE OR PENICILLINASE

Question 37

Bacteria can produce a variety of enzymes that can inactivate penicillin and other beta-lactam antibiotics such as cephalosporins.

Answer 37

BETA LACTAMASE OR PENICILLINASE

Question 38

● Penicillin G procaine ● Penicillin G benzathine ● Penicillin G sodium ● Penicillin V potassium

Answer 38

BASIC PENICILLINS

Question 39

Effective against penicillinase- producing bacteria

Answer 39

Penicillinase-resistant penicillin (anti-staphylococcal penicillin)

Question 40

Used to treat penicillinase producing S aureus

Answer 40

Penicillinase-resistant penicillin (anti-staphylococcal penicillin)

Question 41

Oxacillin (prostaphlin, bactocill)

Answer 41

Example of Penicillinase-resistant penicillin (anti-staphylococcal penicillin)

Question 42

Cloxacillin (tegopen, cloxapen)

Answer 42

Example of Penicillinase-resistant penicillin (anti-staphylococcal penicillin)

Question 43

Dicloxacillin (dynapen)

Answer 43

Example of Penicillinase-resistant penicillin (anti-staphylococcal penicillin)

Question 44

Nafcillin (nafcil, unipen)

Answer 44

Example of Penicillinase-resistant penicillin (anti-staphylococcal penicillin)

Question 45

Effective against even more microbial species including pseudomonas aeruginosa, enterobacter, Klebsiella and bacteroides fragilis.

Answer 45

Extended spectrum penicillin (anti-pseudomonal penicillin)

Question 46

Carbenicillin (Geocillin,geopen)

Answer 46

Example of Extended spectrum penicillin (anti-pseudomonal penicillin)

Question 47

Piperacillin sodium (pipracil)

Answer 47

Example of Extended spectrum penicillin (anti-pseudomonal penicillin)

Question 48

Mezlocillin sodium (Mezlin)

Answer 48

Example of Extended spectrum penicillin (anti-pseudomonal penicillin)

Question 49

Piperacillin tazobactam (zosyn)

Answer 49

Example of Extended spectrum penicillin (anti-pseudomonal penicillin)

Question 50

Broad spectrum antibiotic (amoxicillin) combined with a beta lactamase (enzyme) inhibitor (clavulanic acid), resulting antibiotic (amoxicillin-clavulanic acid [Augmentin]) inhibits the bacterial lactamases, making the antibiotic effective and extending the microbial effect.

Answer 50

BETA LACTAMASE INHIBITORS

Question 51

Oral use: amoxicillin-clavulanic acid (Augmentin)

Answer 51

BETA LACTAMASE INHIBITORS

Question 52

Parenteral use: ampicillin sulbactam (Unasyn), piperacillin-tazobactam (Zosyn) and ticarcillinclavulanic acid (Timentin)

Answer 52

BETA LACTAMASE INHIBITORS

Question 53

Example of NSA

Answer 53

Penicillin and Erythromycin