T1 Chemistry - Atomic Structure

Question 1

Nucleons

Answer 1

Sub-atomic particles that exist in the nucleus of atoms

Question 2

Nuclear force

Answer 2

• Strong
• Holds together protons and neutrons in the nucleus

Question 3

Isotopes

Answer 3

Atoms of the same element with different numbers of neutrons, but same number of protons

Question 4

Relative atomic mass

Answer 4

The average mass of an atom of an element compared to one twelfth of the mass of one atom relative to a carbon-12 atom

Question 5

Relative isotopic mass

Answer 5

The mass of an atom of an isotope compared to one twelfth of the mass relative to a carbon-12 atom

Question 6

Relative molecular mass (of a compound)

Answer 6

The sum of the relative atomic masses of all the atoms in a molecule compared to one twelfth of the mass of one atom relative to a carbon-12 atom

Question 7

Relative formula mass (of an ionic compound)

Answer 7

The sum of the relative atomic masses of all the atoms in the formula compared to one twelfth of the mass of one atom of carbon-12

Question 8

Orbital

Answer 8

The region of space in an atom containing up to two electrons with opposite spins

Question 9

Sub-shell

Answer 9

One or more orbitals in the same shell which have the same energy levels

Question 10

S-block element

Answer 10

Highest energy electron in a s orbital

Question 11

P-block element

Answer 11

Highest energy electron in a p orbital

Question 12

D-block element

Answer 12

Highest energy electron in a d orbital

Question 13

S sub-shell

Answer 13

• Sphere shaped
• Contains 1 orbital
• 2 electrons in total

Question 14

P sub-shell

Answer 14

• Dumbell shaped
• Contains 3 oribitals
• 6 electrons in total

Question 15

D sub-shell

Answer 15

• Contains 5 orbitals
• 10 electrons in total

Question 16

F sub-shell

Answer 16

• Contains 7 orbitals
• 14 electrons in total

Question 17

Transition metals

Answer 17

Elements which form at least one stable ion with partially filled d orbitals

Question 18

First ionisation energy

Answer 18

The energy required to remove one mole of electrons from one mole of atoms in the gaseous state.

Question 19

Second ionisation energy

Answer 19

The energy required to remove one mole of electrons from one mole of 1+ ions in the gaseous state.

Question 20

Periodicity

Answer 20

Regularly repeating pattern of atomic, physical and chemical properties with increasing atomic number.