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Adult Health 1 Review > T1 Blueprint - HF (Josh) > Flashcards

T1 Blueprint - HF (Josh) Flashcards

1
Q

Which side heart failures is a.k.a CHF?

A

Left Side

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2
Q

What is the most common type of Left Side Heart Failure?

A

Systolic

  • enlarged ventricles fill with blood and pump out less than 40-50% of the blood
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3
Q

Which type of Left Side HF is less common and associated with a filling problem?

A

Diastolic

***Stiff ventricle will fill with less blood than normal

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4
Q

Why would HF lead to Oliguria?

A

failure to perfuse the kidneys

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5
Q

Which heart sound is associated with Left Side HF?

A

S3

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6
Q

What drugs can be given to reduce AFTERLOAD?

A

ACE Inhibitors (-pril)

ARB (-sartan)

Human B-type Natriuretic Peptides (nesiritide)

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7
Q

What drugs can be given to reduce PRELOAD?

A

Morphine Sulphate

Diuretics (most common)

Venous dilators

  • Nitrates
  • Isosorbide
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8
Q

What drugs can be given to increase CONTRACTILITY?

A

Digoxin

Inotropics

  • Dobutamine
  • Milirinone (acute)

Beta Blockers (-lol)

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9
Q

Nursing action for PE

A

High Fowler’s

O2

Nitroglycerin

Rapid-acting diuretics

IV Morphine Sulfate

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10
Q

What medication can be given to deal with acute rejection of heart transplant?

A

Methylprednisolone IV

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11
Q

Long-term complications from Heart Transplant?

A

Denervated heart

Chronic Immunosuppression

  • osteoporosis
  • fragile skin
  • obesity
  • HTN
  • Liver disease
  • Kidney disease
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12
Q

What are the hemodynamic effects of Mitral Stenosis?

A

decrease forward flow and incomplete atrial empthying

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13
Q

What are the consequences of Mitral Stenosis?

A

Right ventricular hypertrophy and failure

Pulmonary congestion

Low CO

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14
Q

Clinical manifestations of Mitral Stenosis

A

DOE, Fatigue, Palpitations

Hemoptysis

Hoarseness

Dysphagia

JVD

Orthopnea

PND, Cough

Afib

S1

Opening Snap

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15
Q

What would you hear upon auscultation of Mitral Stenosis?

A

Diastolic Murmur

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16
Q

What are the hemodynamic effects of Mitral Regurge?

A

valve failing to close causes increased volume load on left Atrium and Ventricle

17
Q

What are the Clinical Manifestations of Mitral Regurge?

A

DOE, Fatigue, Palpitations

Crackles

PND

Afib

S3 and/or S4

18
Q

Which type of murmur would be heard with Mitral Regurge?

A

Systolic Murmur

19
Q

Which Valve disorder has a mid-systolic click?

A

MVP

***usually asymptomatic

20
Q

Which valve disorder?

Decreased forward flow and incomplete left ventricular emptying

Pulmonary Congestion

Left Ventricular Hypertrophy

A

Aortic Stenosis

***very serious

21
Q

Clinical manifestations of Aortic Stenosis

A

DOE, Fatigue, Palpitations

LV HF

Syncope

Narrow Pulse Pressure

Angina

S3 and/or S4

22
Q

Which heart murmur with Aortic Stenosis?

A

Systolic Murmur

23
Q

Which valve problem?

Failure to close leads to increased vol load on left heart and causes Left Ventricular Dilation and Hypertrophy.

A

Aortic Regurge

24
Q

Clinical Manifestations of Aortic Regurge

A

DOE, Fatigue, Palpitations

Widened Pulse Pressure

Angina

S3

25
Q

Which murmur with Aortic Regurge?

A

Diastolic Murmur

26
Q

Which valve replacement is lifelong and requires anticoagulants?

A

Mechanical Valve Replacement

***very durable

27
Q

Which valve replacement is less durable but doesn’t need anticoagulants?

A

Tissue Valve Replacement

***older clients who could fall and you don’t want them on anticoagulants

28
Q

What is the most common form of Cardiomyopathy?

A

Dilated Cardiomyopathy

  • ventricles are enlarged and can’t push out enough

***SV decrease

29
Q

What is the least common form of Cardiomyopathy?

A

Restrictive Cardiomyopathy

  • ventricles are stiff and rigid

***filling of ventricles isn’t sufficient

30
Q

What are the mechanical consequences of Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy?

A

Aortic Valve outflow is obstructed

31
Q

Which form of cardiomyopathy is a problem with diastolic function?

A

Restrictive Cardiomyopathy

***ventricles too stiff to fill properly during diastole

32
Q

ETOH abuse is a risk factor for which type of HF?

A

Cardiomyopathy

Adult Health 1 Review (26 decks)

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