T1 anatomy - the NS

Question 1

What is the function of the somatic NS Spinal nerves?

Answer 1

provides the somatic motor supply to whole body

provides the somatosensory supply to whole body

Question 2

Where are the two places of the body that aren’t supplied by thesomatic NS Spinal nerves?

Answer 2

the head

parts of neck

Question 3

What is the function of ventral roots?

Answer 3

to innervate the skeletal muscles

to carry sensory neural signals from the CNS to the PNS

Question 4

What is the function of dorsal roots?

Answer 4

to innervate the skeletal muscles

to carry sensory neural signals from the PNS to the CNS

Question 5

What do spinal nerves contain?

Answer 5

a mixture of sensory and motor fibres

Question 6

What is the difference between the autonomic and somatic NS?

Answer 6

autonomic - unconscious

somatic - voluntary

Question 7

What is the difference between sympathetic and parasympathetic?

Answer 7

para - calms, has really long preganglionic axons

sympa - fight or flight, have very short preganglionic axons

Question 8

From where do spinal nerves exit the vertebral canal?

Answer 8

through the intervertebral foramina

Question 9

What types of primary rami do the spinal nerves divide into?

Answer 9

the dorsal / posterior primary ramus

the ventral / anterior primary ramus

Question 10

What areas do the Dorsal Primary Rami supply?

Answer 10

strips of skin over the paravertebral gutter
the erector spinae muscles
facet joints

Question 11

What areas do the Ventral Primary Rami supply?

Answer 11

the rest of the body, including the musculoskeletal system as well as the skin

Question 12

What areas are supplied by cranial nerves?

Answer 12

the viscera
structures in the head
structures in the neck

Question 13

How do somites develop into dermatomes and myotomes in embryology?

Answer 13

as the embryo grows, somites in the mesoderm expand and grow out into horizontal strips
these form horizontal bands
go on to form the skeletal muscle and the skin

Question 14

What do somites develop into in embryology?

Answer 14

dermatomes

myotomes

Question 15

Where do patients suffering from diagrphragm irritation feel the pain?

Answer 15

referred pain to the cervical dermatomes

cause pain over the right shoulder C3-C5 dermatomes

Question 16

Which parts are innervated by the autonomic NS?

Answer 16

smooth muscle
cardiac muscle
glands

Question 17

What are the two main components of the ANS?

Answer 17

sympathetic

parasympathetic

Question 18

What’s the difference between pre and post ganglionic neruons?

Answer 18

pre - tend to be myelinated, the terminal of these neurons will synapse in autonomic ganglia
post - unmyelinated, pass out towards the effector organs

Question 19

Where are thoracic splanchnic nerves located?

Answer 19

they tend to be sitting around the abdominal aorta

Question 20

Where do preganglionic neurons axons travel?

Answer 20

brainstem
cranial nerves
autonomic ganglia
postganglionic neurons 
structures in the head, heart, lungs and abdomen