T,U,V-words

Question 1

tercier structure of proteins

Answer 1

3D, spatial structure of the protein chain stabilized by weak interactions

Question 2

tetanic contraction

Answer 2

uninterrupted muscular contraction caused by high frequency motor impulses

Question 3

thrombosis

Answer 3

blockage of a vessel due to a blood clot formed in the vessel

Question 4

tidal volume

Answer 4

amount of air that is inhaled and exhaled during a breathing cycle at rest

Question 5

tight junction

Answer 5

area of membrane fusion between adjoining cells that prevent the passage of extracellular material between the cells

Question 6

time constant

Answer 6

time required for an externally induced potential change in the membrane to decrease to 37% of the original potential

Question 7

trace elements

Answer 7

elements needed in a very low concentration for the normal functioning of an organism, their total amount is about 0,01% (Fe, I, Zn, Co, etc.)

Question 8

trachea

Answer 8

large airway containing cartilage, connects the larynx and pharynx to the lungs, goes down to the bronchi

Question 9

tricuspid valve

Answer 9

valve between the right atrium and ventricle

Question 10

triglycerides

Answer 10

an ester derived from glycerol and three fatty acids

Question 11

T-tubules

Answer 11

invagination of the sarcolemma, carrying excitation to the sarcoplasmic reticulum

Question 12

turbulent flow

Answer 12

a flow pattern in which particles of the fluid move irregularly in all directions of the space

Question 13

unipolar neuron

Answer 13

neuron with only one process

Question 14

unsaturated fatty acid

Answer 14

fatty acid with one or more double bonds

Question 15

Valsalva’s maneuver

Answer 15

when you close your mouth and pinch your nose and try to exhale (e.g. to release pressure while in an airplane)

Question 16

van der Waals forces

Answer 16

relatively weak attraction between atoms and molecules with hydrophobic properties
due to the random fluctuation of the electron clouds

Question 17

vena cava

Answer 17

meaning “empty vein”, large veins returning from the body to the right atrium

Question 18

ventilation

Answer 18

air exchange between the lungs and the ambient air

Question 19

venule

Answer 19

small vessel connecting veins and capillaries

Question 20

vesicle

Answer 20

small, spherical compartment in the cell surrounded by the membrane

Question 21

viscosity

Answer 21

physical property of fluids that determines the ease with which the layers of a fluid move past
each other

Question 22

vital capacity

Answer 22

the maximum amount of air that can be inhaled and exhaled by the lungs