t-Tests Week 6

Question 1

What is the role of inferential statistics?

Answer 1

to directly test hypotheses in order to find standing against the population

Question 2

What does a t-test do?

Answer 2

tests differences between means

Question 3

When would you use an independent t-test?

Answer 3

when you want to check or significant differences between two group (taken from a categorical population): participants are assigned to two different groups.

Question 4

When would you use a paired samples t-test?

Answer 4

when there are two experimental conditions, and participants take part in both. e.g to see if IQ is better before and after taking a bath. participants will shower (control) and then take a bath (experimental) and the researcher will be able to see which is better.

Question 5

When would you use a single sample t test?

Answer 5

When you know the population mean and want to compare your sample to it.

Question 6

When is the result of a test significant?

Answer 6

When it is below .05

Question 7

When can we assume equal variances?

Answer 7

When p > .05 (homogeneity of variance)

Question 8

Who invented the t-test?

Answer 8

William Sealy Gosset - under the pseudonym student

Question 9

What variables are used in a t-test?

Answer 9

Categorical for the IV and continuous for the DV, e.g gender differences in occupational prestige