T-cell Mediated Tumor Response Flashcards

1
Q

What is a tumor antigen?

A

Molecules expressed by tumor cells that are not expressed in healthy cells.

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2
Q

What are the 3 general types of tumor antigens?

A
  1. Products of oncogene or mutated tumor suppressor gene.
  2. Overexpressed self protein
  3. Oncogenic virus particles.
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3
Q

Discuss the T-cell mediated response against tumors.

A
  1. Tumor antigen shown to DC
  2. Dendritic cells phagocytose the tumor cell.
  3. Cross-presentation (MHC 1 and 2)
  4. Activates tumor specific CD8 and CD4(Th1)
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4
Q

Discuss the B-cell mediated response against tumors.

A

Production of anti-tumor antibodies

  1. Opsonization
  2. Activate NK cells
  3. Activate complement
  4. Block receptors on tumor cells needed for survival/growth
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5
Q

What are the 5 ways tumor cells evade the immune system?

A
  1. Change the antigen the immune system is responding to.
  2. Downregulate MHC 1
  3. Secrete IL-10 & TGF-B (Supresses Th1 and attracts Tregs)
  4. Express CTLA-4 to inhibit co-stimulation
  5. Express Fas ligand
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6
Q

Discuss monoclonal antibody treatment.

A

Tumor antigen specific T cells are removed from patient and expanded in vitro. Re-introduced to patient. Downside is there is no memory.

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