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SFM Final > T-Cell Mediated Immunity > Flashcards

T-Cell Mediated Immunity Flashcards

KNOW IT ALL

1
Q

IL-2

A

T cell proliferation; regulatory for T cell survival

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2
Q

IFN y

A

activates Macrophages

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3
Q

IL-4

A

B cell switching to IgE

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4
Q

IL-5

A

Activation of Eusinophils

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5
Q

IL-17

A

Stimulation of acute inflammation

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6
Q

IL-22

A

maintenance of epithelial barrier

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7
Q

TGF B

A

inhibition of T cell activation; differentiation of regulatory T cells

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8
Q

What two signals are required for T cell activation?

A
  1. Ag- MCH class binding

2. CD28/B7 (CD80) binding

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9
Q

What cytokine is self stimulating T cells? This causes a switch from this LOW affinity receptor to which HIGH affinity receptor?

A
  1. IL-2

2. IL-2 receptor to (IL-2 aByc)

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10
Q

How does T cell get trapped in the secondary lymphoid tissue and why?

A
  1. CD69 bound to SIPR prevents migration

2. to assure FUNCTION & ACTIVATION of B cells

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11
Q

What would happen with deficiency in Lck ?

A

NO T cell activation pathway, no transcription factor activation of NfkB and AP-1

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12
Q

How can CTLs be activated?

A
    • MHC Class 1 binding to Antigen
    • Co -stimulation with T helper cells
      or
    • MHC class 1 binding to Antigen
    • B7 (co-stimulation) and CD28 binding
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13
Q

What other immune cell plays a role in CTL activation? HOW?

A
  1. Dendritic Cells

2. DCs co-present to CD4+ and CD8+ cells, allowing for CD4+ helpers to release Il-2 and IFN-y to activate CD8+

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14
Q

Once the T cells are active they DECREASE expression of ____ and INCREASE expression of ________ to migrate from medulla to follicular zone?

A

decrease receptor for CCR7

increase receptor for chemokine CCXR5

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15
Q

T regulatory cell…

  1. transcription factor?
  2. acted on by?
  3. secrete?
  4. express?
A
  1. FOX p3
  2. IL-2/ TGF B
  3. IL-10, TGF B
  4. CTLA-4 (inhibitory) , Il-2
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16
Q

Give two unique characteristics about gamma delta T cells?

A
  1. recognize non protein Antigens

2. Do noT need MhC/HLA

17
Q

What are 3 effector T cells?

A
  1. Th 1
  2. Th 2
  3. Th 17
18
Q

Do EFFECTOR cells require CD80/ CD28 stimulation?

A

NO.

19
Q

T helper 1 cells ..

  1. secrete?
  2. transcription factor?
  3. respond to ?
A
  1. IL-12, IFN-y, TNF alpha
  2. T-bet
  3. IL- 12, IFN-y
20
Q

T helper 2 cells:

  1. secrete?
  2. transcription factor?
  3. respond to?
A
  1. IL-4, IL-5, IL- 13
  2. GATA-3
  3. respond to IL-4
21
Q

What two cytokines activate the M2 pathway for macrophages?

A

IL-4 and IL-13

22
Q

Th1 targets ______ and Th2 targets______

A
  1. intracellular microbes

2. allergies, alternative macrophage pathway

23
Q

You would expect a _____ concentration of Th2 cells and _____ concentration of Th1 cells in a patient with infection? WHY?

A

LOWER Th2
HIGHER Th1

Th2 cells are involved in signaling for anti-inflammatory, wound repair and fibrosis. This could be BAD for a pt with current infection.

24
Q

Th 17 …

  1. respond to ?
  2. secrete?
  3. transcription factor?
A
  1. IL-1 , IL-6, bacteria and fungi
  2. IL-17, IL-22
  3. RORyt
25
Q

Which molecule allows for T cell to be tethered during migration of Effector Cells?

A

CD44

26
Q

Which effector T-cell utilizes granzymes and Fas ligand as killing mechanisms? Do they kill intra- or extra cellular pathogens?

A

CTL (CD8+), intracellular pathogens

27
Q

Which cells secrete the IFN α/β?

A
  1. NK cells

2. Plasmacytoid DCs (remember what they do?

28
Q

What type of cells would have an increased expression of Bcl2?

A

Memory cells

29
Q

What cytokines required to “nourish” memory cells?

A

IL-7, IL -15

30
Q

What is the main cause of T cell exhaustion?

A

during chronic infection the cells start to produce CTLA-4 and PD-1 which are inhibitory receptors.
(ex.) CTLA would bind CD80 with higher affinity than CD28 , therefore T cell will no longer elicit a response

SFM Final (7 decks)

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