systems physiology' Flashcards
what lines the lungs and alveoli?
simple squamous
parathyroid hormone: 70%
stimulates osteoclastic bone resorption
calcitonin is a relatively small polypeptide which:
decreases bone resorption by inhibiting osteoclast activity and increases calcium excretion by the kidneys
in smooth muscle contraction, calcium binds to
troponin
the bronchus, pulmonary artery and pulmonary vein are in close proximity to one another in the?
hilum
which best describes the space that the heart occupies?
middle mediastinum
what constitutes the primary muscle of respiration?
diaphragm
small increases in the pulmonary venous pressure can result in considerable changes to the driving pressure because?
the pressure difference between the pulmonary artery and capillary is small
how and why can increased alveolar pressure affect alveolor blood flow?
decreases blood flow by compressing alveolar vessels
during normal quiet breathing, the volume of air that is moved between inspiration and expiration is known as
tidal volume
what type of collagen is most abundant in the basement membrane?
type IV
what type of tissue holds most organs together?
loose connective tissue
which of the following is not part of the epidermis?
Reticulus dermis
why is right ventricle less muscular than left ventricle
LV pumps blood around whole body
what does left atrium receive?
four pulmonary veins
what cannot be measured by a spirometer?
residual volume
which part of the ECG represents the atrial contractions?
P wave
According to frank starling’s law, what affects force of ventricular muscle contraction?
venous return
what type of bone is first laid down?
woven
tropomyosin blocks the myosin binding site
in the absence of calcium
which cavity is the heart in?
middle mediastinum
what type of cell lines blood vessels and alveoli?
simple squamous
what cell synthesises collagens, elastin and proteoglycans in the skin:
fibroblasts
what collagen makes up the basement membrane?
type IV
the lungs has non-respiratory function. which of these is NOT a non-respiratory function?
Erythroprotein
During inspiration pleural pressure
becomes more negative
