Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Pathology > Systems Path I - Neuro PPT 2 > Flashcards

Systems Path I - Neuro PPT 2 Flashcards

1
Q

inflammatory response and the majority of the organisms reside in the CSF

A

leptomeningitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

parenchymal infection that is usually bacterial or fungal

A

cerebritis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

parenchymal infection, but the term usually refers to viral infections with necrosis, perivascular lymphocytic cuffing and microglial nodules

A

encephalitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

have many polymorph nuclear leukocytes within a necrotic core surrounded by granulation tissue

A

abscesses

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what does TORCH stand for

A 
infection of a a developing fetus or newborn 
T - toxoplasmosis
O - other agents
R - rubella (measles)
C - cytomegalovirus 
H - herpes simplex
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

most common source of meningitis

A

hematogenous - from abscess, heart valve, lung infection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

bacterial meningitis causes

A

polymorpho nuclear responses

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

viral meningitis causes

A

lymphocytic responses

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

fungi and mycobacterial meningitis causes

A

granulomatous reactions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

meningitis that peak incidence is in children (6 months to 5 years) caused by H influenzae

A

bacterial

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

acute pyogenic meningitis is usually _____ and infiltrates in the walls off arteries and veins

A

bacterial

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

CSF findings in meningitis

A

high neutrophils
decreased glucose
increased protein

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what is the most common bacterial organism causing neonatal meningitis

A

e coli, group B streptococci

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

chronic basilar meningitis may block CSF flow through the foramina of Magendie and Luschka, leading to hydrocephalus, headache, nausea and vomiting

A

tuberculous meningitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

most common disease of the CNS (mostly of children and young adults)

A

viral meningitis (lymphocytic or aseptic meningitis)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

inflammation of gray matter of the spinal cord, due to infection by poliovirus

A

poliomyelitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

transmitted to human via saliva by bite, results in difficulty swallowing and a tendency to aspirate fluids that leads to hydrophobia

A

rabies

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

encephalitis localizes mainly in one or both temporal lobes which become swollen and hemorrhagic and necrotic

A

herpes virus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

childhood chicken pox

A

herpes zoster

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

reactivated herpes zoster

A

shingles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

chronic, lethal, viral infection of the brain caused by measles virus; mainly in childhood

A

sub-acute sclerosing-pan-encephalitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

virus responsible for progressive multifocal leukoecencephalopathy

A

JC virus (john cunningham virus)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

seen in patients with associated immune suppression or chronic disease (lymphoma, AIDS); presence of giant bizarre astrocytes and oligodendrocyte nuclear inclusion

A

progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy

24
Q

rapidly progressive ataxia and dementia, finding of spongiform encephalopathy, included in CJD, long incubation period

A

prion disease

25
Q

patient 50-70 yo, severe dementia, early stage CJD, personality changes, and impaired judgment

A

prions disease

26
Q

meningo vascular inflammation leading to pachy meningitis and strokes caused by obliterative endarteritis

A

neurosyphilis

27
Q

neurosyphilis: infiltration of meninges and vessels by lymphocytes and plasma cells leading to thickening of meninges

A

meningovasculitis

28
Q

neurosyphilis: atrophy, loss of cortical neurons in frontal lobes, proliferation of microglial cells

A

general paresis

29
Q

neurosyphilis: inflammation lesions involving meninges and vessels in subarachnoid space of dorsal nerve roots

A

tabes dorsalis (posterior column degneration)

30
Q

seizures occur in roughly 50% of cases

A

intracerebral abscesses

31
Q

tumors that arise from cells in the arachnoid mater (commonly in foramen magnum in young/middle aged females)

A

meningioma

32
Q

most common primary brain tumors

A

astrocytoma

33
Q

type of astrocytoma that is further subdivided based on grade

A

diffuse astrocytoma

34
Q

WHO grade II

A

low grade fibrillary astrocytomas

35
Q

WHO grade III

A

anaplastic astrocytomas

36
Q

WHO grade IV

A

glioblastoma multiforme (most common primary intracranial malignancy; late middle age group)

37
Q

astrocytoma: arise in children and young adults, occur in cerebellum, cerebello-pontine angle and 3rd ventricle

A

pilocytic astrocytoma

38
Q

neoplasm presents as a slow growing tumor in the middle age group and typically arises in the cerebral hemispheres

A

oligodendroglioma

39
Q

FRIED EGG

A

oligodendroglioma

40
Q

most common neoplasm in childhood, malignant tumor in the cerebellum

A

medulloblastoma

41
Q

neoplasm that occurs in the 4th ventricle, results in papillary growth that obstruct the flow of CSF and lead to hydrocephalus

A

ependymoma

42
Q

seen as expanded white matter of the left cerebral hemisphere and thickened corpus callosum and fornices

A

low grade astrocytoma

43
Q

appearing as necrotic, hemorrhagic, infiltrating mass

A

glioblastoma

44
Q

tumor of the lateral ventricles, benign

A

choroid plexus tumors

45
Q

tumor that arises in the 8th nerve root (cerebellopontine angle)

A

schwannomas

46
Q

cause a fusiform enlargement of the nerve in which they arise

A

neuro-fibromas

47
Q

affect immunosuppressed individuals such as patients with AIDS

A

cerebral lymphoma

48
Q

what is the most common site of pilocytic astrocytomas

A

cerebellum

49
Q

what are the two types of glial neoplasms

A

oligodendrogliomas and ependymomas

50
Q

what are common primary tumors that metastasize to the brain

A

lung cancer (MOST), breast, skin, and GI

51
Q

if rosette-like structures are presented in a case, diagnoses is

A

medulloblastoma

52
Q

15yo with papillary growth extending to the floor of the ventricle

A

ependymoma

53
Q

uniform cells that have round central nuclei surrounded by a clear space or halo

A

oligodendroglioma

54
Q

neoplasm that occurs as solitary or multiple tumors of peripheral nerves derived from schwann cells

A

neurofibroma

55
Q

what deficiency is the primary cause of neural tube defects

A

folate

56
Q

abnormally high hCG, inhibin - A, and low estriol in fetus can be a sign of

A

down syndrome

Pathology (3 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions