Systems of Diagnosis Flashcards
What was developed specifically for psychiatry and mental health?
The DSM - Diagnostic and Statistical Manual
What was the DSM (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual) specifically developed for?
Psychiatry and mental health.
What are the 3 main aims of the DSM (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual)?
- Provide necessary criteria for differential diagnosis.
- Distinguish true illness/pathology from simple everyday problems.
- Systematic diagnostic criteria for consistency across clinicians.
What 3 things does the DSM (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual) do for each disorder?
- Describes features of each disorder.
- Gives specific diagnostic criteria.
- Tips on how to differentiate one from another.
What are diagnoses from the DSM (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual) made on?
Entirely on reported or observed behaviours.
What does the DSM (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual) not discuss?
Causes of the disorder.
What are some ‘consequences’ of diagnosis?
The patient may feel a release of guilt.
The patient may feel discriminated against (employment, child custody).
Stigma.
Loss of personal meaning.
What does a diagnosis assume?
There is a disease entity which you are trying to label and discover.
What does case formulation mean?
The person and their lives have some problems why you are describing in a systematic way.
Diagnosis is about deciding what disease a person has by trying to _______ to measure against the critera.
Elicit symptoms.
Formulation does not assume disease is _______ or ______.
Present or absent.
Formulation describes the persons _______ and ______.
Situation and behaviours.
Formulation has to go beyond ___________.
Simply labeling and diagnosis.
Formulation has to go beyond simply labeling and diagnosis to _________.
Understanding the cognition and learned habits that maintain he problem symptoms.
What does formulation suggest about how a service user’s difficulties work?
It suggests how a server user’s difficulties may relate to one another.
Formulation suggests about how a service user’s difficulties may relate to one another by drawing on ______.
Psychological theories and principles.
What does formulation aim to explain?
The development and maintenance of the service user’s difficulties.
What does a formulation want to indicate? And what is it based on?
A plan of intervention based in the psychological processes and principles already identified.
Case formulation aims to summarize ______.
The service user’s core problems.
What did the World Health Organisation (WHO) define mental health as in 2018?
‘A state of well-being in which every individual realizes his or her own potential, can cope with the normal stresses of life, can work productively and fruitfully, and is able to make a contribution to her or his community.’
Who defined mental health as ‘A state of well-being in which every individual realizes his or her own potential, can cope with the normal stresses of life, can work productively and fruitfully, and is able to make a contribution to her or his community’ and in what year?
World Health Organisation (WHO) in 2018.
What are some limitations of diagnosis?
Based on observation of groups rather than individuals.
Experiences of a given disorder differ.
Under-representation of social/contextual factors.
Effectiveness of treatment is highly variable.
What did Thompkins define ‘Case Formulation’ as in 2007?
‘A hypothesis about the patient’s disorders and problems and which is used as the basis for intervention’.
Who defined case formulation as ‘A hypothesis about the patient’s disorders and problems and which is used as the basis for intervention’ and in what year?
Thompkins in 2007.
