Systemic/Pulmonary Circulations, Distribution of Blood etc. Flashcards
What is the function of the CVS system?
Provide oxygen and nutrients to tissues
Remove carbon dioxide and by-products of metabolism (H+) from the tissues
Transport all of these substances by bulk flow
Describe the differences between the lungs/tissues and the transport of blood around the body.
Lungs/tissues = diffusion (short distances)
Around the body = bulk flow (large distances), connect diffusion processes
State the components of the CVS system.
Heart
Blood vessels - arteries, arterioles, capillaries, venules, veins
How much blood does the average person have?
4-6 L (5 e.g. hand)
Describe the qualities of the pulmonary circulation - i.e. where it flows to and from,
Blood from the right side of the heart to the lungs and back to the left side of the heart.
From right ventricle via pulmonary arteries (deozxygenated)
What happens in the pulmonary capillaries?
Oxygen is picked up and carbon dioxide is removed from the blood.
State three beneficial qualities of lungs with regards to blood flow.
Lungs do not have to compete with the systemic circulation organs for blood flow.
Lungs are close to the heart.
Pulmonary vasculature has very low resistance to flow (low energy circuit).
Where else do lungs receive blood from, despite the heart.
Bronchi receive blood from the systemic circulation via the bronchial arteries
Describe the qualities of systemic circulation.
Left side of the heart pumps blood to body under high pressure
Vascular beds of different tissues are mainly arranged in parallel
What are the benefits of having a parallel arrangement?
Less resistance
Can independently control blood flow to individual organs
Which organs/blood flows are in series arrangement?
Splanchnic (gut) and renal system
Name the organs which receive the most blood flow at rest.
Kidneys
Gut
Skeletal muscle
Name the organs which undergo vasoconstriction during exercise.
Gut
Kidney
Name the blood vessels to which organs that undergo vasodilation during exercise.
Skeletal muscle
Skin
Heart
Blood vessels flowing to which organ undergo autoregulation during exercise.
Brain
What is the function of veins and venules?
Capacitance vessels for storage
What is the function of arteries?
Supply
What is the function of capillaries?
Exchange
Which vessels are pulsatile, have a major drop in pressure/are non-pulsatile?
Arteries - pulsatile
Arteries - pulsatile
Arterioles - major drop in pressure
Capillaries, venules, veins - non-pulsatile
Describe the arrangement of arteries when leaving the heart.
Arteries increase in number and decrease in diameter when leaving the heart.
Describe the arrangement of vessels on the venous side when approaching the heart.
Vessels decrease in number and increase in diameter.
Which side has more blood vessels?
Venous side
Which side has a greater CSA?
Venous side
What is a similarity regarding blood throughout the CVS system?
Blood flow remains the same in all parts, however blood velocity varies.
