Systematics and Taxonomy Flashcards
the science of naming, describing and classifying organisms
taxonomy
Earliest way of classification: land dwellers, air dwellers, and water dwellers
Aristotle
4 components of taxonomy
Description, Identification, Nomenclature, Classification
assignment of features/attributes to a taxon
description
features (petal color, leaf shape, leaf margin)
character
two or more forms of character (yellow & blue, entire, chordate)
character state
major objective of taxonomy
accurate and complete listing of features
process of associating an unknown taxon with a known one or recognizing that the unknown is new to science and warrants formal description and naming
identification
The rules and regulations for the naming of taxa are provided by…
International Code of Botanical/Zoological Nomenclature
formal names are known as…
scientific names
always naka-uppercase ang first letter nya
genus
not capitalized, lowercase sya, often descriptive adjectives
specific epithet
sino yung nagpangalan? abbreviated form of surname
authority
Always ______ species name
if typewritten, italicize, if handwritten, underline
formula in scientific naming of species
(Genus + specific epithet)
arrangement of entities (in this case, taxa) into some type of order
Classification
father of taxonomy
Carolus Linnaeus
Major taxonomic ranks
Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species
study of the diversification of living forms, both past and present, and the relationships among living things through time
systematics
resemblance, physical appearance
phenetic
evolutionary relationship
phylogenetic
- have body hair or fur
- have mammary glands that produce milk
- warm blooded
mammals
- live in water
- breathe with gills
- streamlined bodies
- have cartilage or bony skeleton
- cold blooded
mostly lay eggs
fishes
- dry scaly skins
- egg laying
- breathing with lungs
- cold blooded
reptiles
- moist skin
- lay their eggs in water
- larvae have gills & live in water
- adults have lungs & live on land
- cold blooded
amphibians
- have feathers and wings
- lay eggs with hard shells
- breathe with lungs
- warm blooded
birds
- from phylum cnidaria
- hollow bodied
- uses sting cells to paralyse prey
cnidarians
- flat thin bodies
- digestive system has only one opening
- mostly parasites
- animals are both male and female
flatworms
- rounded bodies
- bodies made of segment
true worms
- not segmented
- body in 3 continuous parts with head, body, and foot
- have one or two shells
molluscs
- spiny skinned
- body in 5 parts
- central mouth with respiratory gills
echinoderms
- hard exo-skeleton on outside of body
- has eyes and mouth
- body divided into more than one segment
arthropods
Vertebrates is under phyla?
chordata
