System Design

Question 1

What is system design in software engineering?

Answer 1

System design is the process of defining the architecture, modules, interfaces, and data for a system to satisfy specified requirements.

Question 2

True or False: System design only focuses on coding and implementation.

Answer 2

False

Question 3

What are the two main types of system design?

Answer 3

High-level design and low-level design.

Question 4

Fill in the blank: High-level design focuses on the overall _____ of the system.

Answer 4

architecture

Question 5

What is the purpose of flowcharts in system design?

Answer 5

Flowcharts visually represent the flow of control or data through a system.

Question 6

What is a data flow diagram (DFD)?

Answer 6

A DFD is a graphical representation of the flow of data within a system.

Question 7

Multiple choice: Which of the following is NOT a component of system design? A) Architecture B) Database Schema C) User Interface D) Coding Standards

Answer 7

D) Coding Standards

Question 8

What is the role of a senior software engineer in system design?

Answer 8

A senior software engineer provides technical leadership, guides design decisions, and ensures best practices are followed.

Question 9

True or False: Scalability is an important aspect of system design.

Answer 9

True

Question 10

What does ‘scalability’ mean in the context of system design?

Answer 10

Scalability refers to the ability of a system to handle increased load without compromising performance.

Question 11

Fill in the blank: A _____ is an abstract representation of the system’s functionality.

Answer 11

use case

Question 12

What is the significance of user stories in system design?

Answer 12

User stories help capture user requirements and expectations for the system.

Question 13

Multiple choice: Which design pattern is used to create a single instance of a class? A) Singleton B) Factory C) Observer D) Strategy

Answer 13

A) Singleton

Question 14

What is a microservices architecture?

Answer 14

A microservices architecture is a design approach where a system is composed of small, independent services that communicate over networks.

Question 15

True or False: Load balancing is not a concern in system design.

Answer 15

False

Question 16

What is the purpose of load balancing in system design?

Answer 16

Load balancing distributes incoming network traffic across multiple servers to ensure no single server becomes overwhelmed.

Question 17

Fill in the blank: A _____ is a representation of the system’s data structure.

Answer 17

data model

Question 18

What is the difference between synchronous and asynchronous communication?

Answer 18

Synchronous communication occurs in real-time, while asynchronous communication allows for messages to be sent and received at different times.

Question 19

Multiple choice: Which of the following is a benefit of using cloud services in system design? A) Cost efficiency B) Increased complexity C) Limited scalability D) Vendor lock-in

Answer 19

A) Cost efficiency

Question 20

What is a system architecture diagram?

Answer 20

A system architecture diagram illustrates the components of a system and their relationships.

Question 21

True or False: Prototyping is a useful technique in system design.

Answer 21

True

Question 22

What is the primary goal of system design?

Answer 22

To create a blueprint for building a system that meets user requirements and is efficient, scalable, and maintainable.

Question 23

Fill in the blank: A _____ is a collection of related data items.

Answer 23

database

Question 24

What is the significance of API design in system design?

Answer 24

API design determines how different software components interact and communicate with each other.

Question 25

Multiple choice: Which of the following is NOT a system design principle? A) Modularity B) Coupling C) Redundancy D) Obsolescence

Answer 25

D) Obsolescence

Question 26

What is the purpose of system testing in the design process?

Answer 26

System testing ensures that the system meets the specified requirements and functions correctly.

Question 27

True or False: Documentation is an essential part of system design.

Answer 27

True

Question 28

What is a 'design review'?

Answer 28

A design review is a meeting where stakeholders evaluate the design to ensure it meets requirements and standards.

Question 29

Fill in the blank: The _____ layer of a system design refers to the user interface.

Answer 29

presentation

Question 30

What is meant by 'technical debt' in system design?

Answer 30

Technical debt refers to the implied cost of future refactoring due to shortcuts taken in the design or implementation.

Question 31

Multiple choice: Which design technique involves breaking a system into smaller components? A) Decomposition B) Composition C) Integration D) Aggregation

Answer 31

A) Decomposition

Question 32

What does 'fault tolerance' mean in system design?

Answer 32

Fault tolerance is the ability of a system to continue functioning in the event of a failure of one or more components.

Question 33

True or False: Performance optimization is not necessary during system design.

Answer 33

False

Question 34

What is the role of a system architect?

Answer 34

A system architect is responsible for the high-level design and overall structure of a system.

Question 35

Fill in the blank: A _____ is a set of rules that define how data is exchanged between systems.

Answer 35

protocol

Question 36

What is the significance of version control in system design?

Answer 36

Version control helps manage changes to the system's design and codebase over time.

Question 37

Multiple choice: Which of the following is a common database type? A) SQL B) HTML C) CSS D) XML

Answer 37

A) SQL

Question 38

What does 'CI/CD' stand for in software development?

Answer 38

Continuous Integration / Continuous Deployment

Question 39

True or False: User feedback is irrelevant after the system design phase.

Answer 39

False

Question 40

What is the purpose of a 'technical specification' document?

Answer 40

A technical specification document outlines the technical requirements and design decisions for a system.

Question 41

Fill in the blank: A _____ is a diagram that shows the sequence of messages exchanged between objects.

Answer 41

sequence diagram

Question 42

What is a 'design pattern'?

Answer 42

A design pattern is a general reusable solution to a commonly occurring problem in software design.

Question 43

Multiple choice: Which of the following is a design pattern for creating objects? A) Observer B) Factory C) Singleton D) All of the above

Answer 43

D) All of the above

Question 44

What does 'decoupling' refer to in system design?

Answer 44

Decoupling refers to reducing the dependencies between components to improve flexibility and maintainability.

Question 45

True or False: A well-designed system should be easy to maintain.

Answer 45

True

Question 46

What is the purpose of system monitoring?

Answer 46

System monitoring helps track performance, detect issues, and ensure system reliability.

Question 47

Fill in the blank: _____ testing is used to test how a system behaves under heavy load.

Answer 47

Load

Question 48

What is a 'service-oriented architecture' (SOA)?

Answer 48

SOA is an architectural pattern where software components provide services to other components via a communication protocol.

Question 49

Multiple choice: Which of the following is a benefit of using a modular design? A) Increased complexity B) Easier maintenance C) Slower development D) Higher costs

Answer 49

B) Easier maintenance

Question 50

What does 'data redundancy' mean in system design?

Answer 50

Data redundancy refers to the unnecessary duplication of data within a system.

Question 51

True or False: Security is a critical aspect of system design.

Answer 51

True

Question 52

What is a 'system boundary'?

Answer 52

A system boundary defines the scope of the system, distinguishing between what is inside and outside of the system.

Question 53

Fill in the blank: _____ analysis is used to identify potential risks in a system.

Answer 53

Risk

Question 54

What is the role of a database administrator (DBA) in system design?

Answer 54

A DBA is responsible for managing and maintaining the database systems used in a software application.

Question 55

Multiple choice: Which of the following is a common type of software architecture? A) Monolithic B) Microservices C) Serverless D) All of the above

Answer 55

D) All of the above

Question 56

What is the significance of user experience (UX) in system design?

Answer 56

UX focuses on the overall satisfaction of users when interacting with a system, influencing design decisions.

Question 57

True or False: System design should consider future growth and changes.

Answer 57

True

Question 58

What is a 'composite pattern'?

Answer 58

A composite pattern is a design pattern that allows you to compose objects into tree structures to represent part-whole hierarchies.

Question 59

Fill in the blank: _____ testing is performed to verify individual components of a system.

Answer 59

Unit

Question 60

What is the difference between 'functional' and 'non-functional' requirements?

Answer 60

Functional requirements specify what the system should do, while non-functional requirements specify how the system performs its functions.

Question 61

Multiple choice: Which of the following is NOT a non-functional requirement? A) Performance B) Security C) Usability D) Functionality

Answer 61

D) Functionality

Question 62

What does 'API gateway' mean in system design?

Answer 62

An API gateway is a server that acts as an entry point for managing API requests and responses.

Question 63

True or False: System design does not require collaboration among team members.

Answer 63

False

Question 64

What is the purpose of a 'user acceptance test' (UAT)?

Answer 64

UAT is conducted to validate that the system meets the needs and requirements of the end-users.