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SWE > K8S > Flashcards

K8S Flashcards

1
Q

What is Kubernetes?

A

An open-source platform for automating the deployment, scaling, and management of containerized applications.

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2
Q

True or False: Kubernetes can manage both containerized and non-containerized applications.

A

False

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3
Q

Fill in the blank: Kubernetes is often abbreviated as ____.

A

K8s

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4
Q

What is a Pod in Kubernetes?

A

The smallest deployable unit that can be created and managed in Kubernetes, consisting of one or more containers.

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5
Q

What is a Node in Kubernetes?

A

A worker machine in Kubernetes, which can be a physical or virtual machine.

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6
Q

What is the purpose of a Kubernetes Service?

A

To expose an application running on a set of Pods as a network service.

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7
Q

Which component of Kubernetes is responsible for maintaining the desired state of the cluster?

A

Kubernetes Controller Manager

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8
Q

True or False: A ReplicaSet ensures that a specified number of pod replicas are running at any given time.

A

True

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9
Q

What is the function of a Kubernetes Deployment?

A

To manage the deployment of stateless applications, allowing for updates and rollbacks.

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10
Q

What does the term ‘orchestration’ refer to in the context of Kubernetes?

A

The automated management of containerized applications and services.

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11
Q

What is a Namespace in Kubernetes?

A

A way to divide cluster resources between multiple users or applications.

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12
Q

What is the role of the Kubernetes API Server?

A

To serve as the front-end for the Kubernetes control plane.

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13
Q

Fill in the blank: Kubernetes uses ____ to manage configuration data.

A

ConfigMaps

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14
Q

What is a StatefulSet in Kubernetes?

A

A controller that manages the deployment and scaling of a set of Pods, providing guarantees about the ordering and uniqueness of these Pods.

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15
Q

True or False: Kubernetes supports only Linux-based containers.

A

False

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16
Q

What is Helm in the context of Kubernetes?

A

A package manager for Kubernetes that helps in defining, installing, and upgrading applications.

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17
Q

What is the purpose of a Kubernetes Volume?

A

To provide persistent storage for Pods.

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18
Q

What is the key benefit of using Ingress in Kubernetes?

A

To manage external access to services, typically HTTP.

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19
Q

What is the function of a DaemonSet in Kubernetes?

A

To ensure that a copy of a Pod runs on all or some Nodes in the cluster.

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20
Q

Which tool would you use to manage Kubernetes resources from the command line?

A

kubectl

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21
Q

What is a Job in Kubernetes?

A

A controller that creates one or more Pods and ensures that a specified number of them successfully terminate.

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22
Q

True or False: Kubernetes can automatically scale applications based on load.

A

True

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23
Q

What is the purpose of a PersistentVolume in Kubernetes?

A

To provide a piece of storage in the cluster that has a lifecycle independent of any individual Pod.

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24
Q

Fill in the blank: Kubernetes uses ____ to define the desired state of applications.

A

YAML or JSON manifests

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25
Q

What is the main function of the Scheduler in Kubernetes?

A

To assign Pods to Nodes based on resource availability.

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26
Q

What is a ConfigMap used for in Kubernetes?

A

To store configuration data in key-value pairs.

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27
Q

What does the term ‘self-healing’ refer to in Kubernetes?

A

The ability of the system to automatically replace failed containers.

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28
Q

What is a Horizontal Pod Autoscaler?

A

A Kubernetes resource that automatically scales the number of Pods in a deployment based on CPU utilization or other select metrics.

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29
Q

True or False: Kubernetes requires a specific operating system to run.

A

False

30
Q

What is the purpose of a Secret in Kubernetes?

A

To store sensitive information, such as passwords or tokens.

31
Q

What is the primary purpose of the Kubernetes Control Plane?

A

To manage the Kubernetes cluster and its state.

32
Q

What does ‘kubectl apply’ do?

A

It updates or creates resources in a Kubernetes cluster based on the provided configuration files.

33
Q

What is a NodePort service in Kubernetes?

A

A service type that exposes the application on a static port on each Node’s IP address.

34
Q

Fill in the blank: The Kubernetes ____ is responsible for the overall management of the cluster.

A

Control Plane

35
Q

What is the significance of labels in Kubernetes?

A

Labels are key-value pairs that are used to organize and select subsets of objects.

36
Q

What is the difference between a Deployment and a StatefulSet?

A

Deployment manages stateless applications, while StatefulSet manages stateful applications with unique identities.

37
Q

True or False: Kubernetes supports multi-cloud deployments.

A

True

38
Q

What does the term ‘Kubernetes Operator’ refer to?

A

A method of packaging, deploying, and managing a Kubernetes application.

39
Q

What is a CRD in Kubernetes?

A

Custom Resource Definition, a way to extend Kubernetes capabilities by adding custom resources.

40
Q

What is the purpose of a NetworkPolicy in Kubernetes?

A

To control the traffic between Pods based on rules.

41
Q

What is the role of the kube-proxy in Kubernetes?

A

To maintain network rules on Nodes and enable communication to Pods.

42
Q

What does ‘kubectl get pods’ do?

A

It lists all the Pods running in the current namespace.

43
Q

Fill in the blank: The Kubernetes ____ is responsible for managing the actual data storage.

A

etcd

44
Q

What is a ClusterIP service in Kubernetes?

A

A service type that exposes the application on a cluster-internal IP.

45
Q

What does a Helm Chart contain?

A

A collection of files that describe a related set of Kubernetes resources.

46
Q

True or False: Kubernetes can run without Docker.

A

True

47
Q

What is the main benefit of using Kubernetes?

A

It automates the deployment, scaling, and management of containerized applications.

48
Q

What is a Taint in Kubernetes?

A

A property of a Node that prevents Pods from being scheduled unless they tolerate the taint.

49
Q

What is the purpose of the kubelet in Kubernetes?

A

To ensure that containers are running in a Pod and report their status to the API server.

50
Q

What does ‘kubectl describe pod <pod-name>' do?</pod-name>

A

It provides detailed information about a specific Pod.

51
Q

What is the function of the etcd database in Kubernetes?

A

To store all the cluster data and configuration.

52
Q

Fill in the blank: A ____ is a powerful way to manage complex applications in Kubernetes.

A

Helm Chart

53
Q

What is a Sidecar container?

A

A container that runs alongside the main application container in a Pod, providing additional functionality.

54
Q

True or False: Kubernetes allows for zero-downtime deployments.

A

True

55
Q

What is a ResourceQuota in Kubernetes?

A

A limit that restricts the amount of resources a namespace can consume.

56
Q

What is the purpose of a ServiceAccount in Kubernetes?

A

To provide an identity for processes that run in a Pod.

57
Q

What is the function of the Admission Controller in Kubernetes?

A

To intercept requests to the API server before persistence to enforce policies.

58
Q

What is the difference between ‘kubectl apply’ and ‘kubectl create’?

A

‘kubectl apply’ updates resources, while ‘kubectl create’ only creates new resources.

59
Q

What is the significance of the kube-controller-manager?

A

It runs controller processes that regulate the state of the cluster.

60
Q

What is the purpose of the Kubernetes Dashboard?

A

To provide a web-based user interface for managing Kubernetes clusters.

61
Q

What does a Kubernetes Ingress resource do?

A

It manages external access to services, typically HTTP.

62
Q

What is the main function of a Kubernetes VolumeClaim?

A

To request storage resources for a Pod.

63
Q

True or False: Kubernetes can automatically recover from node failures.

A

True

64
Q

What is a Helm Release?

A

An instance of a chart running in a Kubernetes cluster.

65
Q

What is the role of the Kubernetes API Aggregator?

A

To allow the API server to proxy requests to other API servers.

66
Q

What is a PodDisruptionBudget?

A

A policy that defines the minimum number of Pods that must be available during voluntary disruptions.

67
Q

What is the purpose of a NetworkPolicy in Kubernetes?

A

To control the communication between Pods.

68
Q

What does ‘kubectl logs <pod-name>' do?</pod-name>

A

It retrieves logs from a specific Pod.

69
Q

Fill in the blank: Kubernetes uses ____ to manage container orchestration.

A

cgroups and namespaces

70
Q

What is the role of a NodeSelector in Kubernetes?

A

To constrain which Nodes a Pod can be scheduled on.

71
Q

True or False: Kubernetes supports rolling updates.

A

True

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