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ENGINES/APU > System > Flashcards

System Flashcards

1
Q

Explain CFM56-7 engine?

A

dual rotor
axial flow turbofan
N1 = fan, LP com, LP turbine
N2 - HP com, HP turbine,
N1 and N2 mechanically independent
N2 rotor drives engine gearboxes
Bleed air powered started motor connected to N2 rotor.
Dual channel EEC regulates engine.
EEC monitor A/T and crew inputs

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2
Q

Primary engine indications?

A

N1 and EGT

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3
Q

EEC not powered?

A

N1, N2, oil quantity , eng vibration displayed directly from engine sensors.

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4
Q

Battery start with no power on A/C?

A

N1, N2 m Oil quantity available.

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5
Q

EEC power only when?

A

Eng acc to speed >15% N2.
15% EEC energized and pointers/digits for all parameters displayed.

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6
Q

ENG FAIL in amber on EGT gauge?

A

condition below sustainable N2, 50%.
ESL IDLE

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7
Q

Explain LEAP-1B engine?

A
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8
Q

Explain EEC

A

full authority digital EEC
2 independent control channels
auto transfer if one fails
EEC alternate between starts
TL inputs for forward and Rev thrust
N1 to set thrust in 2 control modes - normal and alternate.
Manual selection of mode possible

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9
Q

EEC NORMAL MODE

A

EEC - sensed flight conditions and bleed air demand to calculate N1 thrust ratings. EEC compares commanded N1 vs actual N1 and adjust FF to achieve commanded N1.

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10
Q

Full rated To thrust?

A

available at TL position less forward stop.

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11
Q

Fixed/ATM derate TO thrust available?

A

TL position less than full rated TO

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12
Q

MAximum rater thrust?

A

forward stop

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13
Q

Two alt modes?

A

soft and hard

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14
Q

Auto change to soft alt mode?

A

required signals not available

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15
Q

Indication of soft alt mode?

A

ALTN switch illuminates
ON indication remains visible

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16
Q

Explain soft alternate mode?

A

EEC uses last valid flight conditions to define engine parameters - mode change occur with no immediate change in engine thrust

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17
Q

Soft alternate mode - too less/too much thrust?

A

yes, ambient conditions change

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18
Q

Soft alternate mode remains until?

A

hard alt mode entered by:
1) retard TL to idle
2) manual select ALTN with EEC

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19
Q

HARD ALTN mode thrust schedule?

A

thrust always equal to or greater than normal mode

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20
Q

EEC limiting?

A

N/A n hard alternate mode.
Max rated thrust be reached at TL position less than full forward.

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21
Q

Loss of either DEU?

A

loss of signal to both EEC’s
EEC ALTN light illuminate
EEC revert alternate mode
Prevent engines - operating single source of data.

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22
Q

Avoid overboost withEEC in HARD alt mode?

A

hrust lever advance to/near full forward only emergency with terrain

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22
Q

Explain LEAP-1B engine?

A
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23
Q

in SOFT ALT mode, the Hard alt mode entered, with TL idle?

A

ALTN ON
ON remains visible.
ON will go off when ALTN is selected manually.

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24
Q

Takeoff Bump Thrust?

A

increased thrust needed for TO, above normal max TO thrust setting.
The applied thrust rating for GA thrust.
NOT applied to Max Cont or climb thrust ratings.

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25
Q

Structural limit protection?

A

EEC N1/N2 protection in NORMAL and ALTN modes.
No EGT protection.

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26
Q

Idle operation?

A

EEC auto sets:
ground min, flight min, app idle

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27
Q

Approach IDLE when?

A

EAI ON
<19000ft MSL and L or right gear down and locked
<19000ft MSL L or R flaps 15 or more.

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28
Q

Why this higher rpm for same airspeed and alt?

A

improves engine acceleration time if GA.

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29
Q

Fault prevents EEC from getting flap or gear position signals?

A

APP idle begin below 19000ft.

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30
Q

MAX - Thrust control malfunction accommodation? TMCA

A

EEC function - protection against idle thrust asymmetry conditions on ground(RTO or landing roll) Each engine monitored independently.

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31
Q

TCMA the EEC command shutdown?

A

a/c ground and
TL idle and
engine above idle speed and not decelerating normally.
After TCMA activation, ENG FAIL alert when N2 below ground N2 idle speed.

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32
Q

Explain LEAP-1B engine?

A
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33
Q

Electronic Overspeed System (EOS)

A

EEC function
protection - exceedance of engine structural design limit. Uncontrollable N2 overspeed condition in flight - EEC shuts off fuel flow to engine. Amber ENG FAIL N2 below N2 idle speed. THRUST may appear depending on flight condition, power setting and ENG FAIL timing.

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34
Q

MAX - type idles?

A

Ground MIn
Flight MIn
Icing IDle
App Idle

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35
Q

Icing idle?

A

Flaps up
Main gear Not down/locked
EAI on

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36
Q

Icing mode, EEC transition?

A

Min flight idle at 30400ft, increase idle in descent - full icing idle at/below 22000ft.

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37
Q

Approach idle selected?

A

Flaps 15 of greater
any time flaps not up and EAI ON.

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38
Q

Icing idle vs app idle?

A

Given airspeed and Alt the N1/N2 higher for icing idle than app idle.

39
Q

Same condition, app idle vs min flight idle?

A

App idle higher than flight min idle.

40
Q

Purpose of Icing idle / Bleed?

A

Icing idle required to meet bleed demand for EAI system.

41
Q

Purpose App idle?

A

Improves Eng acc with GA.

42
Q

Idle setting vs Flap vs EAI table?

A
43
Q
A
44
Q

Engine Fuel system explain?

A
45
Q

Purpose HMU>

A

meters the fuel

46
Q

Name 2 shutoff valves?

A

FUEL SPAR SHUTOFF VALVE
ENGINE FUEL SHUTOFF VALVE

47
Q

Where is FF measured?

A

after the engine shutoff valve

48
Q

Engine oil system explain?

A
49
Q

Purpose oil?

A

lubricate engine bearings and acc gearbox.

50
Q

Sensors oil temp indicator, oil press, and LOW OIL PRESS location?

A

downstream of oil pump prior to engine lubrication.

51
Q

Engine and fuel indications sensed by EEC, except?

A

oil quantity
engine valve closed

52
Q

GRD, Eng start switch uses which power to close engine bleed air valve and open start valve?

A

BATTERY

53
Q

engine start, EGT rise before fuel flow?

A

Initial fuel flow lag actual fuel flow by 2s.

54
Q

Explain NG vs MAX start?

A
55
Q

BRM?

A

straightens the N1 and N2 rotor shafts

56
Q

BRM active?

A

6-90s

57
Q

BRM indications?

A

MOTORING
18-24% N2

58
Q

When is TCMA and EOS test?

A

ESL move to IDLE, EEC does test.

59
Q

Test indications?

A

FF zero.
Engine fuel shutoff valve open/close repeatedly. ENG VALVE CLOSED light illuminate and remain bright blue during logic test, will then extinguish when test complete.

60
Q

Ground start protection?

A

HOT start
engine stalls
EGT limits
wet starts

61
Q

Impending hot start or compressor stall start?

A

White box surrounding EGT readout flashes white.

62
Q

EEC software?

A

7.B.Q

63
Q

EGT exceeds start limit?

A

EGT display, box and dial turn RED

64
Q

Wet start?

A

EEC turns off ignition and shuts off fuel to engine, 15s after start level moved to idle.

65
Q

Each engine igniters?

A

2

66
Q

Igniter get power from?

A

L - AC transfer bus
R - AC Standby bus

67
Q

Auto relight?

A

flameout
EEc detects flameout - BOTH igniters active

68
Q

Flameout detected?

A

rapid drop in N2
N2 below idle rpm

69
Q

2 ways to start inflight?

A

Windmill
crossbleed

70
Q

INFLIGHT start protection?

A

none

71
Q

Low oil quantity at low N2 why?

A

oil scavenge pump not enough pressure to return oil to tank

72
Q

X-BLD / XB indication based on?

A

alt
speed
N2

73
Q

Inflight start red lines explain? NG

A

only EGT redline - inflight limit
BOTH egt redline and egt start limit - start limit is the EGT start limit for engine start.

74
Q

Max inflight start?

A

EEC detects EGT within 10C of START LIMIT REDLINE - interrupts FF and ignition for 1s. then resumes - EEC repeats this - until successful start or start attemp aborted by crew.

75
Q

Thrust reverser - 3 main components?

A

Translating sleeve
Blocker door
cascade vanes

76
Q

TR can be deployed?

A

RA less 10ft
air/grnd safety sensor ground mode

77
Q

RT selected to deployment of reverser system explain?

A

RT select
electro mechanical lock release
isolation valve opens
TR control valve moves to deploy position, allow HYD press to unlock and deploy the reverser system.

78
Q

Interlock mechanism?

A

restricts movement of Rev thrust lever until reverser sleeve approached the deploy position.

79
Q

Amber REV?

A

reverser sleeve move from stowed position.

80
Q

TR at deployed position?

A

Green REV, lever can be raised to detent 2.

81
Q

Reverser light ON/OFF?

A

On when TR commanded to stow.
extinguish 10s later when isolation valve closes.
Reverser light on more 12s - malfunction, MCAUT and ENG.

82
Q

Detent 1 to stow - pause=MCAUT and ENG. 16s pause?

A

engages elec mechanical lock - prevents TR sleeves from movement. Cycling TR may clear fault.

83
Q

What inhibits motion to each reverser sleeve?

A

electro mechanical lock
Hyd operated locking actuator

84
Q

Auto restow circuit?

A

compares actual reverser sleeve position and commanded reverser position.
Incomplete stowage or uncommanded movement of Rev sleeves - auto restow circuit opens isolation valve and commands the control valve to stow position, directing HYD press to stow rev sleeves. Auto restow circuit active - isolation valve remains open and control valve held in stowed position untill TR commanded to deploy or maint.

85
Q

AVM System?

A

engine vibration levels.
low/high pressure rotor sync vibration.
balance low press rotor

86
Q

APU cooling?

A

Cooling inlet above apu exhaust outlet. Circulates through APU compartment, oil cooler and vents at exhaust duct

87
Q

Elec power to start APU?

A

AC TBUS 1 or Bat

88
Q

APU start sequence?

A

switch momentary START.
air inlet door open
door full open
start sequence begins
proper speed reached
ignition + fuel added
APU ready to accept bleed or elec load - APU GEN OFF BUS on

89
Q

APU protective shutdown - 3 indications?

A

Fault
Overspeed
Low Oil press

90
Q

What controls APU speed through EFC?

A

ECU

91
Q

Speed or EGT exceed levels providing elec load?

A

Elec load is shed.

92
Q

Elec load and bleed load raise EGT during engine start?

A

elec load first then bleed shed

93
Q

Other phases of flight?

A

Inlet guide vanes closed, reduce Bleed air extraction.

94
Q

APU Load shedding?

A

galley and main busses
IFE busses
NO auto restoration of power - manually reset CAN/UTIL

95
Q

MAX - APU inlet door 3 positions?

A

closed
flight open 17deg
ground open 45deg

ENGINES/APU (3 decks)

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