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Chemistry Module 6 > Synthesis > Flashcards

Synthesis Flashcards

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1
Q

How do you get from Alkene to Dihaloalkene?

A

X₂
20°C
electrophilic addition

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2
Q

How do you get from Alkene to Alkane?

A

H₂
Ni catalyst
150°C
addition

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3
Q

How do you get from Alkene to Haloalkane?

A

HX
20°C
addition

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4
Q

How do you get from Alkene to Alcohol?

A 
H₂O(g) 
conc H₃PO₄ catalyst 
300°C 
60-70atm 
electrophilic addition
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5
Q

How do you get from Alkane to Haloalkane?

A

X₂
UV light
free radical substitution

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6
Q

How do you get from Alcohol to Alkene?

A

conc H₂SO₄
170°C
H.U.R
dehydration/elimination

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7
Q

How do you get from Alcohol to Haloalkane?

A

NaX
H₂SO₄
20°C
nucleophilic substitution

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8
Q

How do you get from Alcohol to Aldehyde/Ketone?

A

H+ K₂Cr₂O₇
H and D/H.U.R
oxidation

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9
Q

How do you get from Alcohol to Ester?

A

carboxylic acid or acyl chloride or acid anhydride
conc H₂SO₄
H.U.R
esterification

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10
Q

How do you get from Aldehyde to Carboxylic Acid?

A

H+/K₂Cr₂O₇
H.U.R
oxidation

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11
Q

How do you get from Haloalkane to Amine?

A

excess ammonia
heat
ethanol

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12
Q

How do you get from Haloalkane to Nitrile?

A

NaCN or KCN
ethanol
H.U.R
H₂SO₄

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13
Q

How do you get from Carboxylic Acid to Ester?

A

alcohol
acid catalyst
heat
esterification

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14
Q

How do you get from Carboxylic Acid to Acyl Chloride?

A

SOCl₂

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15
Q

How do you get from Carboxylic Acid to Alcohol?

A

NaBH₄
H₂O
reduction

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16
Q

How do you get from Ketone to Alcohol?

A

NaBH₄ (aq)

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17
Q

How do you get from Amine to Ammonium Chloride?

A

HCl

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18
Q

How do you get from Alcohol to Carboxylic Acid?

A

H+ K₂Cr₂O₇

H.U.R

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19
Q

How do you get from Carbonyl to Hydroxy Nitrile?

A

HCN

20
Q

How do you get from Nitrile to Amine?

A

Ni

H₂

21
Q

How do you get from Carboxylic Acid to Carboxylate Salt?

A

NaOH

22
Q

How do you get from Acid Anhydride to Carboxylic Acid?

A

H₂O

23
Q

How do you get from Polyamide to Ammonium Salts and Carboxylic Acid?

A

acidic condition

H.U.R

24
Q

How do you get from Polyamide to Amines and Carboxylate Salts?

A

alkaline condition

H.U.R

25
Q

How do you get from Polyester to Alcohols and Carboxylic Acid?

A

acidic condition

H.U.R

26
Q

How do you get from Polyester to Alcohols and Carboxylate?

A

alkaline condition

H.U.R

27
Q

How do you get from Acid Anhydride to Ester?

A

alcohol

28
Q

How do you get from Acid Anhydride to Amide?

A

NH₃ amine

29
Q

How do you get from Ester to Carboxylic Acid?

A

dilute HCl
NaOH
H.U.R
hydrolysis

30
Q

How do you get from Aldehyde to Alcohol?

A

NaBH₄

reduction

31
Q

How do you get from Ester to Alcohol?

A

dilute HCl
NaOH
H.U.R
hydrolysis

32
Q

How do you get from Nitrile to Carboxylic Acid?

A

dilute HCl

H.U.R

33
Q

How do you get from Acyl Chloride to Ester?

A

alcohol
20°C
esterification

34
Q

How do you get from Acyl Chloride to Amide?

A 
For primary amide 
NH₃ 
20°C 
For secondary amide 
amine 
20°C
35
Q

How do you get from Acyl Chloride to Carboxylic Acid?

A

cold H₂O

36
Q

How do you get from Haloalkane to Alcohol?

A

warm NaOH KOH
H₂O
H.U.R
nucleophilic substitution

37
Q

How do you get from Benzene to Nitrobenzene?

A

conc HNO₃
conc H₂SO₄
warm

38
Q

How do you get from Benzene to Halobenzene?

A

X₂
AlCl₃ catalyst
warm

39
Q

How do you get from Benzene to Phenyl Ketone?

A

Acyl chloride
AlCl₃ catalyst
H.U.R

40
Q

How do you get from Benzene to Alkyl Benzene?

A

CH₃
AlCl₃ catalyst
H.U.R

41
Q

How do you get from Nitrobenzene to Phenylamine?

A

Tin
conc HCl
H.U.R then NaOH

42
Q

How do you get from Phenol to 2,4,6 Tribromophenol?

A 
bromine water (Br₂) 
20°C
43
Q

How do you get from Phenol to 2,4 nitrophenol?

A

dilute HNO₃

20°C

44
Q

How do you get from Phenol to Phenyl Ester?

A

acyl chloride

20°C

45
Q

How do you get from Phenol to Sodium Phenoxide?

A

NaOH

20°C

46
Q

How do you get from Phenol to 2,4,6 Trinitrophenol?

A

conc HNO₃

20°C

Chemistry Module 6 (10 decks)

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