Carboxylic Acid/Acyl Chlorides Flashcards
How do you name an acyl chloride?
Name chain, add oyl chloride
eg Butanoyl choride
How do you name a symmetrical acid anhydride?
Name the chain, add ‘oic anhydride’
eg Butanoic anhydride
How do you name an asymmetrical acid anhydride?
Name both chains, put in alphabetical order, add oic onto both chains. Add anhydride on the end.
eg ethanoic propanoic anhydride
What reactions do carboxylic acids do?
Acid + Alkali/Base -> Salt + Water
Acid + Metal -> Salt + Hydrogen
Acid + Carbonate -> Salt + Water + CO2
Acid + Amine -> Ammonium Salt
How do you name salts made from carboxylic acids?
‘Positive ion’ ‘Negative ion’ ‘oate’
eg Potassium butanoate
What bonds are between carboxylic acids?
Hydrogen bonds
What happens when acyl chlorides react with water?
Makes a carboxylic acid and HCl
What can you use to test for an acyl chlorides functional group (COCl)?
Add H2O
HCl produced, observe white/misty/steamy fumes which turns damp blue litmus paper red
How do you make acyl chlorides?
Carboxylic acid + SOCl2 -> Acyl chloride + HCl + SO2
What happens when acyl chlorides react with ammonia?
Make amide and HCl
Observe white misty fumes that turn damp blue litmus paper red
What is the functional group of acyl chlorides?
R-C (=O) -O-R1
What happens when phenol is reacted with an acyl chloride?
Makes an ester
What happens when phenol is reacted with an acid anhydride?
Makes an ester
What happens when phenol is reacted with a carboxylic acid?
No ester is formed
