Syntax | Nouns Flashcards
What case is the subject in?
The subject is in the nominative case.
Ex. Marcus est amīcus. Mark is a friend.
What is a predicate nominative?
A predicate nominative is a noun that follows a linking verb, renames the subject, and is in the nominative case:
Ex. Marcus est amīcus. Mark is a friend.
What is a predicate adjective?
A predicate adjective is an adjective that follows a linking verb, describes the subject, and is in the nominative case. It agrees with the subject in gender, number, and case.
Ex. Marcus est bonus. Mark is good.
What is a direct object, and which case is it in?
A direct object receives the action of the verb and is in the accusative case.
Ex. Marcus puellam videt. Mark sees the girl.
What case is a possessive in?
A possessive is in the genitive case.
Ex. Marcī amīcus est bonus. Mark’s friend is good.
What case is an indirect object in?
An indirect object is in the dative case. Giving and telling verbs, such as do, narro, respondeo, usually have indirect objects. In English the indirect object precedes the verb or is expressed as a preposition phrase with to.
Ex. Marcus amīcō respondet. Mark responds to the friend.
What case(s) do prepositions take?
Prepositions take (govern) either the accusative or ablative cases.
Ex. per silvam; through the forest
What is the vocative?
The vocative is identical to the nominative in all declensions except singular masculine nouns of the 2nd declension ending in us or ius, where e replaces us, and i replaces ius. A vocative noun does not usually stand at the beginning of a Latin sentence, and is often used with an imperative verb.
Ex. Pugna, Marce! Fight, Mark!
