Synovial Joint / Joint Stability Flashcards
How many types of Synovial Joints ?
6
What are the six Synovial Joints ?
Gliding
Condyloid
Ball and Socket
Saddle
Pivot
Hinge
Basic Structure of Synovial Joint ?
Joint Capsule
Ligaments
Synovial Fluid / Bursa
Articular Cartilage
Synovial Fluid
Tendons
Functions of Articular Cartilage?
Articular Cartilage absorbs shock and allows for friction-free movement its made of smooth tissue and covers the surface of articulating bones
Functions of Joint Capsule?
This Feature encloses & strengthens the joint the membrane secrets synovial fluid
Functions of Synovial fluid ?
This feature reduces friction and nourishes articular cartilage
Functions of tendon
this feature connects muscle to bone
Example of Hinge Joints
Elbow , Knee , Ankle
Example of Pivot Joints
Between the C1 and C2 vertebrae
Example of Saddle Joints
between the trapezium carpal bone and 1st metacarpal bone
Example of Ball and Socket Joints
Shoulder and Hips
Example of Condyloid Joints
Wrist (between the radius and carpels bones)
Example of Plane Joints
Between tarsal bone
What dose Sprain refer to
damaged ligament over stretched never returns to original length
What does strain refer to
damage tendon or muscles
Ways physical activity can improve joint stability ?
•Increased strength of ligaments
•Increased length & elasticity of ligaments
•Increase strength of tendons
•Increased strength of muscles crossing the joint
•Increased muscle tone/muscle hypertrophy
•Articular cartilage thickens protecting the joint
two physiological factors that affect joint stability
•Strength of ligaments
•Strength of tendons
•Size or strength of muscles crossing joint
•Depth or shape or type of joint
•Injury to connective tissue e.g. any muscle tears/ ligament/cartilage damage/tendonitis
How many types of joints are in the human body
3
What are the 3 types of joints
• Fibrous /Fixed Joint
• Synovial Joint
• Cartilaginous Joint
What are the 3 main features of a Fibrous /Fixed Joint ?
• They allow no movement
• Important In allowing the skeleton to grow and develop (for example the cranium Fibrous faints are connected
by dense Connective tissue consisting
mainly of collagen).
• Fibrous Joints are called fixed’ or “immovable” joints because do not they move.
Example of a Fibrous/Fixed Joint?
A joint Between cranal bones, syndemesmosis and between Certain Long bones e.g. The tibia and fibula or radius and ulna
What is a Suture ?
An immovable junction between two bones, such as those of the skull.
What are the main features of the Cartilaginous Joint ?
• Also know as a slightly moveable
• Joins bones together with cartilage only.
• Allows small movement usally in a number of different directions.
Function of synovial joint ?
to prevent friction between the articulating bones of the joint cavity.
