Syndromes Flashcards
Achondroplasia
Posterior vertebral body scalloping
Narrowed foramen magnum
Short pedicles
Decreased interpedicular distance as you go down the spine
Champagne pelvis
Acromegaly
Posterior vertebral body scalloping
Overgrowth
Carpal tunnel syndrome
Heal pad thickness > 25mm
Alagille
Paucity/ stenosis of bile ducts
Renal anomalies
Peripheral pulmonary artery stenosis
Coarctation
Hypoplasia of the posterior semicircular canal
Allgrove
Achalasia
Alacrima
ACTH sensitivity
Alport
Cortical nephrocalcinoma
Sensorineural hearing loss
Leiomyoma
Aperts
Brachycephaly
Fused fingers
Beckwith-Weidemann
Macroglossia
Hemihypertrophy
Hepatoblastoma
Wilms
Medullary sponge kidney
Omphalocele
Behcets
Oral and genital ulceration
Pulmonary artery aneurysm
Pericarditis
Occular manifestations
Birt-Hogg-Dube
Cystic lung disease and pneumothoraces
Fibrofolliculomas
Bilateral oncocytoma and chromophobe RCCs
Budd Chiari
Hepatic vein obstruction
Nut-meg liver
Caudate lobe hypertrophy
Carney’s triad
Pulmonary chondroma
Extra-adrenal paraganglioma
Gastro-intestinal stromal tumour
Carney complex
Facial/ buccal pigmentation
Pituitary adenoma
Cardiac and extra-cardiac myxomas
Breast fibroadenomas
Testicular tumours (Sertoli)
Caplan
Rheumatoid arthritis
Pulmonary fibrosis
Castleman
HIV
hypervascular lymph nodes
Cleidocranial dysostosis
Multiple wormian bones
Supranumery ribs/ teeth
Hemivertebrae
Erosion of lateral clavicles
Absent radius
Cowden
Hamartomatous polyps
Trichilemmomas
Breast and endometrial cancer
Follicular thyroid cancer
Dysplastic cerebellar gangliocytoma (Lhermitte-Duclos)
Conn
Hypertension, hypokalaemia, increased aldosterone
Hyperfunctioning adrenal cortical adenoma (80%)
Adrenal hyperplasia (20%)
CHARGE
Coloboma/ cleft lip
Heart defects
Atresia choanae
Retarded growth
Genital hypoplasia
Ear abnormalities (sensorineural deafness)
Cronkite-canada
Hamartomatous polyps
Alopecia
Rash
Diarrhoea
Currarino
Anorectal malformation
Sacrococcygeal osseous defect
Presacral mass
Dressler
4-6 weeks post MI
Pleuritic chest pain
Fever
Pericardial effusion
DiGeorge
Tetralogy of Fallot
Cleft lip
Learning disabilities
Down
Prenatal calcified papillary muscle
Secundum ASD
Atrioventricular septal defect
Moyamoya syndrome
Hearing loss
Coeliac disease
Testicular microlithiasis
Prostatic utricle cyst
Ehler-Danlos
Kyphoscoliosis
Spondylolisthesis
Arterial dissection
Haemarthrosis
Erdheim-Chester
Cystic lung disease
Interstitial oedema
Cardiomegaly
Hairy kidneys
Retroperitoneal fibrosis
Exophthalmus
Diabetes insipidus
“Dural mass”
Felty
Rheumatoid arthritis
Splenomegaly
Neutropenia
Gardner
Familial adenopolyposis
Osteoma
Supranumery teeth
Papillary thyroid cancer
Desmoid tumours of the mesentry
Ampullary carcinoma
Gaucher
Erlenmeyer flask deformity
H-shaped vertebrae
Osteonecrosis
Hepatosplenomegaly
Anaemia
Gradenigo
Abducens nerve palsy
Oitis media
Petrous apicitis
Retro-orbital pin
Granulomatosis with polyangitis
Cavitating lung lesions
Necrotising glomerulonephritis
Hypertrophic pachymeningitis
CNS vasculitis
Haemochromotosis
Hooked osteophytes
Chondrocalcinosis
Hepatomegaly
Iron overload cardiomyopathy
Diabetes
Hypopituitarism
Heyde
Gastrointestinal haemorrhage
Aortic stenosis
Holt-Oram
ASD, VSD
Aortic coarctation
Radial ray anomalies
Joubert
Cerebellar vermal agenesis
Multicystic dysplastic kidneys
Hepatic fibrosis
Kartagener
Situs inversus
Bronchiectasis
Sinusitis +/- polyposis
Infertility
Kallman
Hypogonadotrophic hypogonadism
Anosmia
Renal agenesis
Sensorineural deafness
Kawasaki
Coronary artery aneurysms
Myocarditis
Klinefelter
Gynaecomastia, breast cancer
Germ cell tumours, small testicles
Tall
Klippel-Feil
Cervical vertebral fusion
Sprengel shoulder deformity
Klippel-Trenauney
Port-wine naevi
Bone/soft tissue hypertrophy
Venous malformations
Marginal vein of Servelle
Gorlin
Multiple odontogenic keratocysts
Basal cell carcinoma
Medulloblastoma
Cardiac fibroma
Ovarian fibroma
Leriche
Complete occlusion of the aorta
Buttock claudication
Absence of femoral pulses
Impotence
Li Fraumeni
Sarcomas
CNS tumours (choroid plexus)
Breast cancer
Adrenal cortical carcinoma
Loffler
Blood eosinophilia
Restrictive cardiomyopathy
Fleeting pulmonary opacification
Hereditary non-polyposis colon cancer
(Lynch)
Gastric, small bowel, colorectal, hepatobiliary, pancreatic, urothelial, prostate, ovarian and endometrial cancers and glioma
Lemierre
Thrombophlebitis of the internal jugular vein
Oropharyngeal infection
Maffuci
Multiple enchondromas
Haemoangiomas
Risk of chondrosarcoma
Mazabraud
Polyostotic fibrous dysplasia
Soft tissue myxomas
May-Thurner
Compression of the left common iliac vein against the lumbar vertebrae by the right common iliac artery +/- DVT
McCune Albright
Polyostotic fibrous dysplasia
Cafe au lait spots
Precocious puberty
McKittrick-Wheelock
Villous adenoma
Diarrhoea
Fluid and electrolyte depletion
Marfan
Aortic/ mitral regurgitation
Aortic dissection
Pectus excavatum
Atlantoaxial subluxation
Posterior vertebral body scalloping
Moyamoya
Meigs
Ovarian fibroma
Ascites
Pleural effusion
Meckel Gruber
Renal cystic dysplasia
Occipital encephalocoele/ holoproencephaly
Polydactyly
Menetrier
Gastritis with sparing of antrum
Achlorhydria
Hypoproteinaemia
Oedema
Mirizzi
Impacted cystic duct stone with hepatic duct obstruction
Bouveret
Gastric outlet obstruction secondary to impaction of a gallstone in the pylorus or proximal duodenum
Mondor
Thrombosed vein in the breast
Morquio
Dwarfism
Atlantoaxial subluxation
Os odontoideum
Anterior central vertebral body beaking
Hurler
Anterior inferior vertebral body beaking
Macrocephaly
J-shaped sella
Atlantoaxial subluxation
MEN 1
Pituitary adenoma
Pancreatic endocrine tumours
Parathyroid proliferative disease
MEN 2a
Phaeochromocytoma
Medullary thyroid cancer
Parathyroid hyperplasia
Renal calculi
MEN 2b
Phaeochromocytoma
Medullary thyroid cancer
Mucosal neuroma/ ganglioneuroma
Marfanoid body habitus
Neurofibromatosis type 1
Cafe au lait spots
Axillary/ inguinal freckling
Neurofibromas
Lisch nodules
Sphenoid wing dysplasia
Optic nerve glioma
Wilms, AML, phaeochromocytoma
Posterior body scalloping
Neurofibromatosis type 2
Multiple schwannomas, meningiomas and ependymomas
Nutcracker
Compression of the left renal vein between the SMA and aorta
Noonan
Congenital pulmonary stenosis
PDA
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
Cystic hygroma
Ollier
Multiple enchondromas
Hereditary haemorrhagic telangiectasia
(Osler-Weber-Rendu)
Telangiectasia of skin/ oral cavity
AVMs
High output cardiac failure
Portal hypertension
Ovarian hyperstimulation
Enlarged ovaries
Ascites
Pleural effusion
Paget-Schroetter
Thrombosis of the axillary/ subclavian vein
Parsonage-Turner
Sudden onset pain and weakness in muscles of two or more nerve distributions
Peutz-Jeghers
Hamartomatous polyps
Mucocutaneous melanin pigmentation in mouth, fingers and toes
Increased risk of GI and extra-intestinal malignancies
Paranaud
Upward gaze palsy
Pupillary near-light dissociation
Nystagmus
Plummer-Vinson
Oesophageal web
Dysphagia
Iron-deficiency anaemia
POEM
Polyneuropathy
Organomegaly
Endocrinopathy
Monoclonal gammopathy
Polyarteritis nodosa
Micro-aneurysms
Hep B and C
Poland
Aplasia of pectoralis major
Upper limb abnormalities
Brachysyndactyly
Potter
Pulmonary hypoplasia
Oligohydramnios
Twisted (wrinkly) skin
Twisted face
Extremity deformities
Renal agenesis
Prune belly
Bilateral hydroureteronephrosis
Renal dysplasia
Anterior abdominal wall underdevelopment
Bilateral undescended testes
Scheuermann
Thoracic kyphosis > 40
Thoracolumbar kyphosis > 30
Wedging of at least 3 adjacent vertebral bodies
Schmorl nodes
Limbus vertebrae
Scoliosis
Spondylolisthesis
Scimitar
Pulmonary hypoplasia
Partial anomalous pulmonary venous return
Shwachman-Diamond
Pancreatic insufficiency (pancreatic lipomatosis)
Metaphyseal chondrodysplasia
Bone marrow hypoplasia
Singding Larson
Chronic traction of the proximal patellar tendon
(associated with cerebral palsy)
Sturge-Weber
Seizures
Tram-track gyriform calcification
Trigeminal territory port-wine stain
Unilateral weakness
Retardation
Glaucoma
Epilepsy
Sinus enlargement
Terson
Vitreous haemorrhage
Subarachnoid haemorrhage
Tolosa-Hunt
Painful ophthalmoplegia
Cavernous sinus inflammation
Trevor
(dysplasia epiphysealis hemimelica)
Osteochrondromas from the epiphyses
Trousseau
Migratory thrombophlebitis associated with malignancy
Tuberous sclerosis
Hamartomas
Angiofibromas
Mitral regurgitation
Ash-leaf spots
Rhabdomyomas
Tubers (cortical/ subcortical)
Mental retardation
Angiomyolipoma
Turner
Bicuspid aortic valve
Coarctation of the aorta
Horseshoe kidney
Streaky ovaries
Pyloric stenosis
Scoliosis
Short 4th metacarpal
Madelung deformity
Turcot
Intestinal polyposis
Glioblastoma/ medulloblastoma
VACTERL
Vertebral anomalies
Anorectal anomalies
Cardiac anomalies/ cleft lip
Tacheo-oEsophageal fistula/ atresia
Renal anomalies/ radial ray anomalies
Limb anomalies
Vernet
Motor paralysis of CN IX-XI
Jugular foramen lesion
Von Hippel Lindau
Haemangioblastoma
Increased risk of clear cell RCC
Phaeochromocytoma
Pancreatic lesions
Endolymphatic sac tumours
Liver/ renal cysts
WAGR
Wilms
Aniridia
Genitourinary anomalies
Retardation
Wallenberg
(lateral medullary syndrome)
Vertigo, diplopia, multidirectional nystagmus
Ipsilateral Horners syndrome
Hiccups
Pain of ipsilateral face then loss pain and temperature on contralateral side
Ipsilateral bulbar weakness
Waterhause-Friderichsen
Adrenal haemorrhage
Neisseria meningitidis
William
Craniofacial dysmorphism
Short stature
Supravalvular aortic stenosis
Pulmonary stenosis
Renal artery stenosis
Hypercalcaemia
Zollinger-Ellison
Gastrinoma
GORD
Peptic ulcer
MEN type 1