syncope Flashcards
what is the MC cause of sudden death in young adults?
hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
characteristics of syncope from dysrhthmias?
sudden and usually w/o prodromal symptoms
characterisitsic of vasovagal syncope?
slow, progressive onset w/ associated prodrome
syncope that occurs during or immediately following cough, micturition, defecation, or swallowing?
situational syncope
reflex mediated syncope characterized by bradycardia or hypotension?
carotid sinus hypersensitivity
sudden event w/o warning and events associated w/ exertion raise suspicion for?
cardiac dysrhythmia or structural cardiopulonary lesion?
what are the MC causes of syncope?
vasovagal, cardiac, orthostatic
what are the MC causes of syncope?
vasovagal, cardiac, orthostatic
what is the MC cause of sudden death in young adults?
HCM
what are the symptoms of aortic stenosis?
chest pain, dyspnea on exertion and syncope
describe syncope from dysrhythmias?
sudden and usually w/o prodromal symptoms
what is vasovagal syncope associated w/?
inappropriate vasodialation, bradycardia, from increased vagal or sympathetic tone, may occur after unpleasant sight, sound smell, fear, pain distress
when does situational syncope occur?
coughing, micturition, defecation or swallowing
what should you consider in an older patient w/ recurrent syncope and negative cardiac evaluations?
carotid sinus hypersensitivity. MC abnormal vagal response w/ bradycardia and asystole >3 seconds. decrease BP >50 mmhg
what should you consider in an older patient w/ recurrent syncope and negative cardiac evaluations?
carotid sinus hypersensitivity. MC abnormal vagal response w/ bradycardia and asystole >3 seconds. decrease BP >50 mmhg
what is subclavian steal syndrome?
neurologic cause of syncope from brainstem ischemia. abnormal narrowing of the subclavian artery. w/ exercise of ipsilateral arm blood is shunted from vertebrobasilar system. More common on the left. PE MAY IDENTIFY DECREASED PULSE VOLUME AND DIMINSHED BLOOD PRESSURE IN THE AFFECTED ARM
if someone passes out and hits their head what do you consider?
subarachnoid hemorrhage
what medications are associated w/ syncope?
b blockers, CCB= blunted HR, diuretics= volume depletion
what loss of consiousness is associated w/ diplopia and vertigo?
neurologic (subclavian…?)
what raises suspicion for cardiac?
sudden event w/o warning, and associated exertion
these symptoms should raise concern for a life threatening condition?
chest pain, palpitations, HA, abdominal pain
these symptoms should raise concern for a life threatening condition?
chest pain, palpitations, HA, abdominal pain
patients w/ more than 5 syncopal events in 1 year are more likely to have what?
vasovagal syncope
what is not a useful distinction between seizure and syncope?
urinary incontinence
what is not a useful distinction between seizure and syncope?
urinary incontinence
a symptomatic decrease of >20 mm Hg in the systolic pressure is considered ___ as a a drop below __ independent of the developement symptoms
abnormal 90
what do you get if you had syncope?
an EKG
