SYMPTOMS OF SIGNS OF RESPIRATORY INFECTIONS Flashcards
what are some common respiratory symptoms?
breathlessness cough sputum haemoptysis wheeze stridor chest pain peripheral oedema nighttime awakening swelling of arms and face nasal obstruction, discharge or sneezing voice alterations fever and chills weight loss
whats the difference between wheeze and stridor?
wheeze occurs on expiration and stridor on inspiration or expiration
stridor is higher pitched
what causes haemoptysis?
acute and chronic bronchtiis TB lung cancer pneumonia bronchiectasis
what causes a wheeze?
obstructive airway disease e.g. asthma or COPD
what causes stridor?
whooping cough foreign body a laryngeal or tracheal tumour bronchitis tonsilitis epiglottitis tracheal stenosis etc
what causes pleuritic chest pain?
pneumonia
PE
pneumothorax
what are causes of sudden breathlessness?
pneumothorax
PE
anaphylaxis
foreign body inhalation
what are causes of acute breathlessness?
acute asthma
pneumonia
what causes breathlessness with an onset of weeks?
heart failure
anaemia
pleural effusion
lung cancer
what causes slow onset breathlessness (months or years)?
chronic bronchitis and emphysema
interstitial lung disease
pneumoconiosis
pumonary arterial hypertension
what would you find on examination on someone with consolidation?
normal or decreased chest expansion dull percussion bronchial breath sounds cracles increased vocal resonance
what would you find on examination on someone with pleural effusion?
decreased chest expansion
stony dull percussion
diminished or absent breath sounds
decreased vocal resonance
what would you find on examination on someone with an airway obstruction?
wheeze
all other findings normal
what would you find on examination on someone with pneumothorax?
mediastinal shift away reduced chest expansion hyperresonant percussion note diminished or absent breath sounds reduced vocl resonant
what would you find on examination on someone with lung collapse?
mediastinal shift towards side reduced chest expansion dull percussion diminished breath sounds no added breath sounds of crackles reduced vocal resonance
