Symbosis (Exam 1) Flashcards

1
Q

Symbiosis

A

The study of organisms living together. Sym = together, biosis = living together.

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2
Q

Mutualism

A

Both organisms in the symbiotic relationship gain some sort of advantage.

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3
Q

Organismic Assoication

A

These associations occur for food, shelter, and protection.

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4
Q

Intraspecific

A

The associations that occur within one organism for various reasons.

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5
Q

Interspecific Associations

A

The interactions that occur between one or two different species or organisms. Ex. Competition, predation, herbivory, parasitism, mutualism, and commensalism.

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6
Q

Competition

A

The fight for survival in an environment with limited resources.

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7
Q

Predation

A

The act of consuming a weaker species.

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8
Q

Parasitism

A

The relationship in which one species benefit and other suffers.

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9
Q

Commensalism

A

an association between two organisms in which one benefits and the other derives neither benefit nor harm.

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10
Q

Competitive exclusion

A

One species survives and the
other goes extint

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11
Q

Resource partitioning

A

The sharing of available resources between two species.

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12
Q

Character displacement

A

The formation of new traits due to competition.

ex
Darwin’s Finches

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13
Q

Obligate mutualism

A

Mutualism in which two species are heavily relied on each other. If one dies, the other will not survive.

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14
Q

Faciltate mutulaism

A

One organism can survive without other. The two organisms are not heavily relied on each other.

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15
Q

Serial Endosymbiosis theory

A

The invasion of anaerobic prokaryote by another anaerobic prokaryote.

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16
Q

Fungal Theory

A

The theory that states that the first eukaryote was a fungus that had mitochondria. (Rejected)

17
Q

Symbiogenesis

A

The incorporation of symbiotic bacteria by a host cell.

18
Q

Chloroplast/Plastid Evolution

A

Evolved by the endosymbiosis of photosynthetic cyanobacteria.

19
Q

Mitochondrial Evolution

A

Evolved by the endosymbiosis of aerobic prokaryotes.

20
Q

How many steps is mitochondrial evolution?

A

1 step endosymbiosis

21
Q

How many step is chloroplast evolution?

A

2 step endosymbiosis, (primary and secondary)

22
Q

How do bacteria and prokaryotes divide?

A

Binary Fission

23
Q

The three traits present in original host cell?

A
  1. It was large and had a membrane.
  2. It could carry out fermentation of sugars.
  3. It had some sort of ATP generating system.
24
Q

Which endosymbiotic event occurred first? Endosymbiosis of mitochondria or chloroplast

A

Endosymbiosis of mitochondria