Sx Nefrotico Flashcards

1
Q

Definición

A

proteinuria elevada (>3.5 g/1.73 m2 / 24 horas), edema periférico y anormalidades metabólicas (hipoalbuminemia e hipercolesterolemia)

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2
Q

Niños (2-10 años): 85-90%

A

1: Enfermedad de Cambios Mínimos (93%).

#2: Enfermedad Membranosa Proliferativa.

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3
Q

Causas en adultos

A

○ #1: Glomerulonefritis membranosa (30-40%).
○ #2: Glomerulonefritis focal segmentaria (15-25%).

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4
Q

primera causa de Sd. nefrótico secundario

A

nefropatía diabética

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5
Q

Mortalidad en niños

A

3% (asociado a procesos infecciosos y tromboembólicos).

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6
Q

Manifestaciones clínicas

A

● Edema palpebral y periférico.
● Ascitis.
● Anasarca.
● Hipertensión.
● Derrame pleur

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7
Q

Hallazgos en EGO

A

Proteinuria
Cuerpos ovales grasos

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8
Q

Hipoalbuminemia

A

Albúmina sérica <2.5 g/dL

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9
Q

Causa de hipercoagulabilidad

A

pérdida de antitrombina III

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10
Q

Estudios de imagen

A

● US renal.
● RX torácica.

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11
Q

Biopsia renal

A

Proteinuria persistente

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12
Q

Laboratorio

A

Elevación de colesterol glucosa y azoados

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13
Q

Tx no farmacológico

A
  1. Reposo.
  2. Evitación de nefrotóxicos.
  3. Dieta baja en grasas.
  4. Restricción hídrica en pacientes con hiponatremia.
  5. Ingesta proteica normal (a menos que las pérdidas urinarias excedan 10 gramos/día).
  6. Vigilar el desarrollo de TVP o trombosis de venas renal
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14
Q

Tx farmacologico diuréticos

A

control de edema.
Tiazídicos o espironolactona.
Si el edema es grave → furosemida

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15
Q

Tx antihipertesivo eicas/ara

A

a. Para reducción de proteinuria, incluso en pacientes normotensos.
b. *No usar juntos en DM.

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16
Q

Tx anticoagulante

A

Si persiste la proteinuria o hipoalbuminemia (<20 g/L).

17
Q

Tx para Enfermedad de cambios mínimos

A

● Prednisona 1 mg/kg/día.
● Puede ser útil: ciclofosfamida / clorambucil.