Switches and network Flashcards
How to set up a new virtual switch?
In networking under the host- add new network
- add vm port group
- now new vswitch or default
- can select an uplink adapter to communicate outside the host
- assign a nic adapter
- add name of port group (ensure its the same, can assign a vlan id to port group)
How to move vm to production port group
- go to vms and template (right click to settings)
- change network adapter to production port group
- In cmd on vm: run ipconfig /renew (maybe release)
- we were on nat, now connected on a bridged network*
How do you expand a VMFS Datastore to Consume Unused Space on a LUN?
Right-click VMFS-2 datastore and select Increase Datastore Capacity.
Use “Free Space 3.00 GB” to expand the datastore from the Partition configuration drop-down menu
How do you extend a VMFS Datastore?
In the left Navigator pane, select the first VMFS-2 datastore.
Click the Configure tab.
Ensure that General is selected and click Increase
What do you change to the ISCSI name and Alias when configuring storage adapters?
ISCSI name: remove the numbers after esxi 1
iqn:1998-01.com.vmware.ESXI1
Alias:n/a
How do you network port bind?
have initiated now need to bound to a port
Add vmkernal adapter
and select ISCSI adapter
add new targets: specify ip or ISCSI name
- leave as default port
-re scan storage to show targets
How to add ISCSI software adapter?
on vm- In storage add new “software ISCSI adapter”
- scroll down on adapters and select new ISCSI adapter
Set IQN Value:
- ie: ISCSI name and alias- remove the numbers after esxi 1
How to create a new NAS data store?
make a new switch then In storage go to related objects and then data stores Add datastore icon name it- server is ip address of NFS volume Folder is /nfs volume - click hosts to connect to
What does ISCSI Stand for?
iSCSI (Internet Small Computer Systems Interface)
iSCSI provides all of the necessary components for the construction of a _______ ______ ________
Storage Area Network
A client in an iSCSI storage network is called the iSCSI ___________?
Initiator (Node)
What is an ISCSI Initiator?
This iSCSI Initiator can connect to a server (the iSCSI Target). In doing so, the iSCSI Initiator sends SCSI commands to the iSCSI Target.
What are SCSI commands?
SCSI commands are packaged in IP packets to send to the ISCSI Target
What are ISCSI Targets?
A server in an iSCSI storage network
What do ISCSI Targets do?
iSCSI Target can provide one or more “LUN”’s (logical unit number)
What are two different forms of ISCSI targets?
- as hardware as iSCSI Storage Arrays
- as Software as iSCSI Target Software for installation on a standard server:
Under iSCSI, there are two types of sessions: What are they?
Normal operational session: which involves an unlimited session.
Discovery-session: this type of session serves only for target discovery. The iSCSI Target may permit Send Targets text requests in such a session.
Traffic shaping is configured on a _____ _____ basis, and provides _______ controls on a per-VM basis
port group
Bandwidth
Virtual switches can be protected by NIC failures using _____ _______detection beacon probing
link state
How does NIC teaming balance traffic differently?
Originating port ID is based on virtual switch port that a vm connects to
Source mac hashing is based on source MAC address
IP hashing is based on source and destination ip
What are forged transmits?
allows MAC spoofing for outbound traffic
What are MAC address changes
Allows MAC spoofing for inbound traffic
What is promiscuous mode?
allow sniffing for all traffic on a virtual switch
Security setting can be configured and the virtual ____ or ____ _____ level
Switch or port group level
How does information travel in virtual networking? (4 steps)
vm ->hypervisor -> vSphere standard switch ->physical switch
if internal will be routed by vSphere switch
How does storage virtualization travel? 3 steps
vm -> hypervisor -> then to either:
- memory, cpu, or storage adapter to the datastore)
What are features that require vSphere to function?
vMotion Storage vMotion High availability Fault Tolerance Distributed Resource Scheduler (DRS) etc
What are the two virtual switch connection types?
virtual machine port groups
vmkernel port: for ip storage, high availability, fault tolerance etc
- for the esxi management network
distributed switch functions as a single virtual switch across all associated hosts. This switch enables virtual machines to?
maintain consistent network configuration as they migrate across multiple hosts.
A distributed switch is configured in VMware vCenter Server™ at the ____ ______ level
data center
A ____ team provides automatic distribution of packets and failover.
NIC
The ESXi host shapes only outbound traffic by establishing parameters for three traffic characteristics, which are?
average bandwidth
peak bandwidth
burst size
What is a Default TCP/IP stack?
Provides networking support for the management traffic between vCenter Server and ESXi hosts and for system traffic such as vSphere vMotion, IP storage, and vSphere Fault Tolerance.
What is a vMotion TCP/IP stack?
Supports the traffic for live migration of virtual machines. Use the vMotion TCP/IP stack to provide better isolation for the vSphere vMotion traffic.
What is a Provisioning TCP/IP stack?
Supports the traffic for virtual machine cold migration, cloning, and snapshot creation. You can use the provisioning TPC/IP stack to handle NFC traffic during long-distance vSphere vMotion migration. VMkernel adapters configured with the provisioning TCP/IP stack handle the traffic from cloning the virtual disks of the migrated virtual machines in long-distance vSphere vMotion. By using the provisioning TCP/IP stack, you can isolate the traffic from the cloning operations on a separate gateway
What is NAS storage?
Storage shared over standard TCP/IP networks at the file system level.
NAS storage is used to hold NFS datastores.
The NFS protocol does not support SCSI commands.
VMFS is a ______ file system that allows ________ ESXi hosts to read and write to the same storage device simultaneously
clustered,
multiple
The clustered file system enables unique, virtualization-based services, including:
- Migration of running virtual machines from one ESXi host to another without downtime
- Automatic restarting of a failed virtual machine on a separate ESXi host
- Clustering of virtual machines across different physical servers
_____ is a specialized storage device that connects to a network and can provide file access services to ESXi hosts.
NAS
______ enables you to store virtual machine data directly on a LUN.
RDM- raw device mapping
The mapping file is stored on a VMFS datastore that points to the raw LUN.
Virtual volumes introduce a new storage paradigm that is designed to address next gen requirements for storage in the SDDC.
These provide?
Lower cost of storage
reduced storage management overhead
greater scalability
better response to data access and analytical requirements
For each ESXi host to access an NFS datastore over the network, a VMkernel port must be configured on a ?
virtual switch.
