High Availabilty Flashcards
vSphere what technologies to ensure that virtual machines running in the environment remain available?
There are 5
- Virtual machine migration
- Multiple I/O adapter paths
- Virtual machine load balancing
- Fault tolerance
- Disaster recovery tools
vSphere HA provides a ____ level of protection for your virtual machines by restarting virtual machines in the event of a ____ failure.
base level
host failure
vSphere Fault Tolerance provides continuous _______ by ensuring that the _____ of the primary and secondary VMs are identical at any point in the instruction execution of the virtual machine
availability
states
In vSphere what provides a higher level of availability, allowing users to protect any virtual machine from a host failure with no loss of data, transactions, or connections?
vSphere Fault Tolerance
vSphere Fault Tolerance provides availability to protect vms from a _____ _____:
Ensuring vm have no loss of what? (3)
host failure
no loss of data, transactions or connections
What 2 vSphere capabilities keep virtual machines available during a planned outages?
(ex. when hosts or storage taken offline for maintenance. System recovery from unexpected storage failures is simple, quick, and reliable with the encapsulation property of virtual machines.)
vSphere vMotion
vSphere Storage vMotion
vSphere® _______ enables a vSphere platform to protect virtual machines natively by copying their disk files to another location where they are ready to be recovered.
Replication
Virtual machine _________ is leveraged by backup applications such as vSphere Data Protection
and third-party backup applications that support file and image-level backups to protect data.
encapsulation
vSphere ______ _______ protects against hardware and operating system failures.
High Availability (HA)
vSphere HA uses multiple ____ ______ that are configured as a cluster to provide rapid recovery from outages and cost-effective high availability
for applications running in virtual machines.
ESXi hosts
How does vSphere HA protects application availability?
- server failure by restarting the vm on other hosts within the cluster.
- application failure by monitoring a vm and resetting it when a failure is detected.
- datastore accessibility failures, provides automated recovery for affected vm. (VMCP)
- network isolation by restarting them if their host becomes isolated on the management or vSAN network.
When experiencing datastore accessibility failures, the affected vm are restarted on other hosts that still have access to the datastores. This is done by the?
Virtual Machine Component Protection (VMCP)
vSphere HA with vSphere ______ to protect against failures and to provide load balancing across the hosts within a cluster.
DRS
If an ESXi host crashes, ______ ______has the responsibility of restarting virtual machines that were running on the failed host on the remaining hosts in the cluster.
vSphere HA
When a virtual machine stops sending _______, the guest operating system is ______. The virtual machine stays on the same host.
heartbeats
reset
Heartbeats are sent between who to determine whether a host has failed?
sent between master and slave host
Redundant heartbeat networks ensure ______ ______ detection, and minimize the chance of host isolation scenarios.
reliable failure
A Heartbeat network is implemented using what 2 objects?
• a VMkernel port that is marked for management.
•a VMkernel port that is marked for virtual SAN traffic,
when vSAN is in use.
You can use _____ _______ to create a redundant heartbeat network on ESXi hosts.
Ports or port groups used must be ______ ports.
NIC teaming
VMkernel
You can also create redundancy by configuring more _______ _______
heartbeat networks
Redundant Heartbeat networks can be created using a second ____ ______ on a separate ______ ______with its own physical adapter. (on each host)
VMkernel port
virtual switch
To determine which host will be the master, an election process takes place. The system that can
access the greatest number of ________ is elected the master.
datastores
vSphere HA agents communicate with each other over
the _______ network or the ____ network in a _____cluster
management
vSAN network
vSAN cluster
After the master agent has been determined,
master and slave hosts communicate using the secure ______ _______ ______
Transmission Control Protocol (TCP)
When vSphere HA is started, vCenter Server contacts the master host agent and sends a list of _____ with
__________ in the cluster along with the cluster configuration.
hosts
membership
A list of hosts with membership in the cluster along with the cluster configuration is saved to _____ _____ on the master host and then pushed out to the slave hosts in the cluster.
local storage
A slave host monitors the _____ of virtual machines running locally and sends state changes to the
master host. A slave host also monitors the health of the _____ ______
health
master host.
If the management network used to communicate with the master fails, the slave switches to another
________ ______ to communicate with the master host.
management interface
If the slave host does not respond within predefined timeout period, the master host declares the
slave host as agent ______
unreachable
What are used as a backup communication channel to detect virtual machine and host heartbeats?
Datastores
When an ESXi host cannot see traffic coming from the other hosts in the cluster and cannot ping the default gateway the host is?
Isolated
If the ESXi host is isolated because it cannot ping the default gateway (or isolation address) and sees no management network traffic, the host executes the _____ ______ _____.
Host Isolation Response
What is used in vSphere to share physical resources between a group of ESXi hosts?
cluster
