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Nutrition I > Swine Nutrition > Flashcards

Swine Nutrition Flashcards

1
Q

Important nutrients include

A

energy; protien; vitamins and minerals; water

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2
Q

Important nutrients include

A

energy; protien; vitamins and minerals; water

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3
Q

energy for swine is acquired through

A

corn, wheat, milo, whey, fat

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4
Q

protein sources for swine

A 
soybean meal
dried distillers grains
fish meal
meat and bone meal
sprayed dried plasma
blood meal
synthetic amino acids
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5
Q

important amino acids include

A

lysine
threonine
tryptophan
methionine

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6
Q

high protein causes

A

diarrhea

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7
Q

CP %

A
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8
Q

lysine %

A

1%

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9
Q

vitamins and minerals include

A 
calcium/phosphorus (1.2:1 to 1.3:1)
selenium/vitamin E
vitamin D
Na/Cl
Zn Oxide
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10
Q

water

A
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11
Q

feed manufacturing: roller mill

A

high throughput; higher variability in particle size

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12
Q

high efficiency roller mill

A

slower; more consistent particle size

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13
Q

feed composed of

A

may cause gastric ulcers

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14
Q

need to sequence diets

A

phases of production
species
provided for medications

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15
Q

holding capacity

A

at mill
at farm
ingredients

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16
Q

you need _____ to determine feed conversion

A

feed

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17
Q

of a mill does multiple species, you could have an issue with pigs getting

A

coarse feed

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18
Q

pigs can be fed _____ unlike cattle

A

meat proteins

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19
Q

what is the holding capacity

A

the amount of ingredients

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20
Q

stored feed

A

cooks, adheres to side of bin, molds

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21
Q

feed outage

A

poor feed conversion; increased culls; scratches (fighting) tail biting
intestinal torsion

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22
Q

feed withdrawal

A

18 hours pre-harvest
reduces gut fill
less spillage of intestinal contents

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23
Q

what are the stages of production

A 
boar
gestation
lactation
creep feed/early wean
pre-starter
starter
grower
finisher
gilt developer
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24
Q

gilts

A

restricted nutrition= restricted development

~4 lbs/day 2-3 post breeding

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25
gestation BCS
3/5
26
gestation backfat
0.75-0.8
27
fetal weight will _____ in last month
double
28
lactation day 1
4 lbs + 1.5 lbs/piglet
29
lactation: increase feed for _____
3 weeks
30
piglets
colostrum/milk (antibodies IgA, fat and protein) creep feed/early wean prestarter (multiple phases) starter (multiple phases)
31
split sex feedings
social dynaamics different consumption rates gilts benefit from higher protein longer
32
grower pigs
135 lbs | muscle building/frame size
33
finisher pigs
270 lbs distributing fat wet feeders beneficial
34
need 1 gallon water for every
80 lbs BW; 3 lbs feed
35
time to fill a 1 cup measuring cup
90 seconds
36
12-30 lbs
60 seconds
37
30-75 lbs
40 seconds
38
75-150 lbs
30 seconds
39
150-240 lbs
20 seconds
40
sows/boars
15 seconds
41
meat quality
hard, white fat desirable unsaturationlevel (idoine) measured at harvest
42
more _____ fats are less desirable
oxidized DDGS cooked kitchen waste
43
intestinal torsion occurs when
change in feed/water availability change in feed type change in competition change in time of feeding
44
gastric ulcers
finer ground foods STRESS treat with omeprazole
45
downer sow syndrome
osteoporosis
46
gestation Ca/P
15 g Ca/12 g P
47
lactation Ca/P
30-35 g Ca/20-25 g P
48
salt toxicity
lack of water for 24-36 hours SLOWLY introduce water may benefit from steroid admin eosinophilic pervascular cuffing
49
mulberry heart disease
vitamin E/selenium deficiency best, fastest growing pale, acutely dead pigs
50
rickets
vitamin D deficiency | rubbery ribs in young; broken bones in adults
51
osteochondrosis desicans
defect in cartilage grwoth | complex etiology: genetics, diet, handling
52
edema disease
``` E. coli proliferation change to new feed 10014 days post weaning 30-50 lb show pigs edema conjunctiva SQ tissues around eyes mesentery/serosal surface ```
53
mycotoxins
``` aflatoxin DON fumonisin ergot zeralenone ochratoxin ```
54
aflatoxin
slow gain, hepatic necrosis
55
DON
vomitoxin; feed refusal
56
fumonisin
pulmonary edema
57
ergot
gangrene of peripheral extremities
58
zeralenone
hyperestrogenism
59
ochratoxin
pale, tan, fibrous, enlarged kidneys perineal/SQ edema hydrothorax/hydroperitoneum emaciation
60
piglets born with
insufficient iron concentrations; | need to supplement piglets with 200 mg typically day 3-5; anemic by day 7 otherwise
61
regulatory issues
porcine epidemic diarrhea veterinary feed directives garbage feeding
62
garbage fiting
must be cooked to at 212 F FOR 20 MINUTES; NOT TO BE OCNJSEUD WITH BACKERY WASSS
63
garbage fiting
must be cookedto at 212 F FOR 20 MINUTES; NOT TO BE OCNJSEUD WITH BACKERY WASSS
64
energy for swine is acquired through
corn, wheat, milo, whey, fat
65
protein sources for swine
``` soybean meal dried distillers grains fish meal meat and bone meal sprayed dried plasma blood meal synthetic amino acids ```
66
important amino acids include
lysine threonine tryptophan methionine
67
high protein causes
diarrhea
68
CP %
69
lysine %
1%
70
vitamins and minerals include
``` calcium/phosphorus (1.2:1 to 1.3:1) selenium/vitamin E vitamin D Na/Cl Zn Oxide ```
71
water
72
feed manufacturing: roller mill
high throughput; higher variability in particle size
73
high efficiency roller mill
slower; more consistent particle size
74
feed composed of
may cause gastric ulcers
75
need to sequence diets
phases of production species provided for medications
76
holding capacity
at mill at farm ingredients
77
you need _____ to determine feed conversion
feed
78
of a mill does multiple species, you could have an issue with pigs getting
coarse feed
79
pigs can be fed _____ unlike cattle
meat proteins
80
what is the holding capacity
the amount of ingredients
81
stored feed
cooks, adheres to side of bin, molds
82
feed outage
poor feed conversion; increased culls; scratches (fighting) tail biting intestinal torsion
83
feed withdrawal
18 hours pre-harvest reduces gut fill less spillage of intestinal contents
84
what are the stages of production
``` boar gestation lactation creep feed/early wean pre-starter starter grower finisher gilt developer ```
85
gilts
restricted nutrition= restricted development | ~4 lbs/day 2-3 post breeding
86
gestation BCS
3/5
87
gestation backfat
0.75-0.8
88
fetal weight will _____ in last month
double
89
lactation day 1
4 lbs + 1.5 lbs/piglet
90
lactation: increase feed for _____
3 weeks
91
piglets
colostrum/milk (antibodies IgA, fat and protein) creep feed/early wean prestarter (multiple phases) starter (multiple phases)
92
split sex feedings
social dynaamics different consumption rates gilts benefit from higher protein longer
93
grower pigs
135 lbs | muscle building/frame size
94
finisher pigs
270 lbs distributing fat wet feeders beneficial
95
need 1 gallon water for every
80 lbs BW; 3 lbs feed
96
time to fill a 1 cup measuring cup
90 seconds
97
12-30 lbs
60 seconds
98
30-75 lbs
40 seconds
99
75-150 lbs
30 seconds
100
150-240 lbs
20 seconds
101
sows/boars
15 seconds
102
meat quality
hard, white fat desirable unsaturationlevel (idoine) measured at harvest
103
more _____ fats are less desirable
oxidized DDGS cooked kitchen waste
104
intestinal torsion occurs when
change in feed/water availability change in feed type change in competition change in time of feeding
105
gastric ulcers
finer ground foods STRESS treat with omeprazole
106
downer sow syndrome
osteoporosis
107
gestation Ca/P
15 g Ca/12 g P
108
lactation Ca/P
30-35 g Ca/20-25 g P
109
salt toxicity
lack of water for 24-36 hours SLOWLY introduce water may benefit from steroid admin eosinophilic pervascular cuffing
110
mulberry heart disease
vitamin E/selenium deficiency best, fastest growing pale, acutely dead pigs
111
rickets
vitamin D deficiency | rubbery ribs in young; broken bones in adults
112
osteochondrosis desicans
defect in cartilage grwoth | complex etiology: genetics, diet, handling
113
edema disease
``` E. coli proliferation change to new feed 10014 days post weaning 30-50 lb show pigs edema conjunctiva SQ tissues around eyes mesentery/serosal surface ```
114
mycotoxins
``` aflatoxin DON fumonisin ergot zeralenone ochratoxin ```
115
aflatoxin
slow gain, hepatic necrosis
116
DON
vomitoxin; feed refusal
117
fumonisin
pulmonary edema
118
ergot
gangrene of peripheral extremities
119
zeralenone
hyperestrogenism
120
ochratoxin
pale, tan, fibrous, enlarged kidneys perineal/SQ edema hydrothorax/hydroperitoneum emaciation
121
piglets born with
insufficient iron concentrations; | need to supplement piglets with 200 mg typically day 3-5; anemic by day 7 otherwise
122
regulatory issues
porcine epidemic diarrhea veterinary feed directives garbage feeding
123
porcine epidemic diarrhea
feed thought to spread virus initial outbreak 2013 2015 experience
124
garbage fiting
must be cookedto at 212 F FOR 20 MINUTES; NOT TO BE OCNJSEUD WITH BACKERY WASSS

Nutrition I (5 decks)

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