Swine Anesthesia Flashcards
What do you need for IM injections in swine?
Need needles at least 2-3 inch long to avoid injections into fat
Where do you give IM injections in swine?
Behind the ear in the neck muscle
Where do you give SQ injections in swine?
In the skin fold of rear leg
Where can you perform a venapuncture in swine?
Cephalic vein, jugular (deep in jugular groove), cranial vena cava (for large volumes), medial caudal vein (at first movable tail joint), SQ abdominal vein, ear vein
Where can you place an IV catheter in swine?
Ear veins, auricular vein, lateral saphenous vein
How long do you fast adult pigs prior to anesthesia?
12-24 hours
How long do you fast piglets prior to anesthesia?
Held from suckling 2-3 hours, but prone to hypoglycemia
How long do you fast mini pigs prior to anesthesia?
Up to 12 hours
True/False: azaparone is the only tranquilizer approved for use in swine in the US.
True
What is a side effect of azaparone in boars?
Penile prolapse
What are options for induction in swine?
Mask with Iso or Sevo, propofol, alfaxalone, thiopental (dilute in syringe to 1:1 if using ear vein)
When should you intubate a pig?
When the procedure will be more than 45 min
What makes intubation of pigs difficult?
Difficult to visualize larynx: difficult to open mouth wide; narrow glottis and trachea; long soft palate; thick tongue; fat cheeks
Anatomy of pig throat different from other animals
How can you verify proper ET tube placement?
ET CO2 wave form (only truly reliable sign); condensation in the tube; breathing moves the rebreathing bag; “normal” chest excursion with IPPV
What is the proper ET tube size for pigs?
100 kg: up to 16 mm ID
What is the O2 flow rate used for swine?
50-100 mL/kg/min initially, then decreased to 10-30 mL/kg/min
What is the ideal concentration of Iso for swine?
2.5-3% initially, then decreased to 1.5-2% for maintenance
Where do you take measurements for direct pressure monitoring in swine?
Auricular artery in center of pinna
What are the ideal MAP and SAP in swine?
MAP > 60 mmHg, SAP > 85 mmHg
When should you extubate swine during recovery?
When pig is swallowing or chewing
How do you treat malignant hyperthermia?
Dantrolene (antidote); discontinue inhalant anesthesia; institute body cooling; cool IV fluids; decrease ETCO2 (hyperventilate)
Where do you give the injection for a lumbosacral epidural in swine?
Palpable depression midline and just caudal to iliac wings at L6-S1
What do you use for castration in swine?
Lidocaine 2% with equal volume saline injected into center of each testicle
