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501 Final - Poultry, Swine, Beef, And Camelids > Swine > Flashcards

Swine Flashcards

1
Q

Who was the father of the american pork industry?

A

Hernando de Soto

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2
Q

Hernando de Soto was known as what?

A

Father of the american pork industry

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3
Q

What caused some of the worst attacks on the de Soto expedition?

A

Native americans fond of the taste of pork

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4
Q

Native americans fond of the taste of pork caused what?

A

Some of the worst attacks on the de Soto expedition

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5
Q

American breeds of swine derived from what two strains?

A

Wild hog of Europe (Sus scrofa)
Wild hog of India (Sus vittatus)

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6
Q

Sus scrofa is what breed of swine?

A

Wild hog of Europe

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7
Q

Sus vittata is what breed of swine?

A

Wild hog of India

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8
Q

What religions ban the consumption of pork?

A

Islam, Judaism, 7th Day Adventist

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9
Q

What is the top pork state?

A

Iowa

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10
Q

How many pigs are in the US?

A

66 million

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11
Q

How many pigs are in California?

A

95,000

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12
Q

How many pigs are in Iowa?

A

20.5 million

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13
Q

What state has 20.5 million pigs?

A

Iowa

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14
Q

What state has 95,000 pigs?

A

California

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15
Q

What are the top four pork producing countries?

A

China 55,260 thousand metric tons
E.U. 22,390
US 10,530
Brazil 3,280

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16
Q

How much pork does China produce, in thousand metric tons?

A

55,260

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17
Q

How much pork does the US produce, in thousand metric tons?

A

10,530

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18
Q

How much pork does the EU produce, in thousand metric tons?

A

22,390

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19
Q

How much pork does Brazil produce, in thousand metric tons?

A

3,280

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20
Q

What country produces 55,260 thousand metric tons of pork?

A

China

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21
Q

What country produces 22,390 thousand metric tons of pork?

A

the EU

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22
Q

What country produces 10,530 thousand metric tons of pork?

A

the US

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23
Q

What country produces 3,280 thousand metric tons of pork?

A

Brazil

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24
Q

What Genus do pigs belong to?

A

Genus Sus

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25
Q

What are the four types of swine?

A

Lard hog (50% fat carcass)
Lean-meat hog (15% fat carcass)
Pets
Research

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26
Q

The American Landrace pig is known for what?

A

Very long side with extra vertebrae making them known for bacon

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27
Q

What pig breed is known for a very long side with extra vertebrae, yielding extra bacon?

A

American Landrace

28
Q

The Duroc Jersey pig is known for what two characteristics?

A

Excellent rate of gain and feed efficiency
2nd in numbers

29
Q

What pig breed is known for an excellent rate of gain and feed efficiency, and being 2nd in numbers?

A

Duroc Jersey

30
Q

The Poland China pig is known for what two characteristics?

A

Black with white feet, face, and tip of tail (6 white points)
Heavy ham

31
Q

What pig breed is known for a black with white feet, face, and tip of tail (6 white points), and a heavy ham?

A

Poland China

32
Q

What two characteristics is the Tamworth pig known for?

A

One of the oldest breeds
Very prepotent (great hereditary transmitting ability)

33
Q

What pig breed is known for being one of the oldest breeds, with very great hereditary transmitting ability (prepotency)?

34
Q

What two characteristics are the Yorkshire pig breed known for?

A

Mother breed, large litters and good mothering ability
Most populous breed in the US

35
Q

What pig breed is known as the “Mother Breed”, with large litters and good mothering ability?

36
Q

What is the most populous pig breed in the US?

37
Q

How many annual registrations are there for the Yorkshire pig?

38
Q

What pig breed has 211,600 annual registrations?

39
Q

When judging pigs, what is pegging down?

A

Hind legs well set apart

40
Q

How much back fat should be on a pig?

A

1.5 inches or less, determined via probe

41
Q

What are the three pig breeding selection methods?

A

Pedigree
Showring
Individual Merit

42
Q

What is tandem selection in pigs?

A

1 trait is selected for at a time until maximum progress is acheived

43
Q

What trait selection method selects for one trait at a time until maximum progress is acheived?

A

Tandem selection

44
Q

What is a selection index in pigs?

A

All important traits combined into one score

45
Q

What trait selection method combines all important traits into one score?

A

Selection index

46
Q

What kind of hogs produce the most finished carcass?

A

Barrows (castrated males) and Gilts (200-250 lbs)

47
Q

What are the four main lean cuts of pork?

A

Ham, Loins, Picnics, Boston Butts

48
Q

What are three standards for replacement boars?

A

Litter size - 10+ farrowed, 8+ weaned
ADG(average daily gain) - 2+ lbs
Backfat probe of 1 inches or less

49
Q

What are three feeder pig replacement standards?

A

2.2 litters/sow/year
10+ pigs/litter
8 pigs weaned/litter

50
Q

What proposition concerns the use of farrowing crates?

51
Q

What natural behaviors do farrowing crates prevent?

A

Wandering, rooting, wallowing in mud

52
Q

What should you do to newborn piglets? (3 things)

A

Clip tips of needle teeth
Notch ears
Fe-dextran injections after 2-3 days

53
Q

What is segregated early weaning?

A

Wean after 10-17 days, all-in and all-out

54
Q

What weaning method weans after 10-17 days and utilizes all-in and all-out?

A

Segregated early weaning

55
Q

At what age do pigs undergo puberty?

A

4-7 months

56
Q

What is the gestation period of a pig?

57
Q

What animal has 114 days gestation period?

58
Q

In boar semen, what is the sperm rich fraction?

A

Opaque and milky, contains highest fraction of sperm

59
Q

How is boar semen transported?

A

Frozen in pellets or macro tubes - smaller litter sizes
Shipped fresh

60
Q

What is the portion of boar semen called that is opaque and milky, containing the highest amount of sperm?

A

Sperm rich fraction

61
Q

What are three heat detection methods for pigs?

A

Swollen vulva with discharge
Stands for mount
Backpressure

62
Q

What kind of digestive system do pigs have?

A

Monogastric

63
Q

What is the first limiting nutrient for pig nutrition?

64
Q

What causes parakeratosis in pigs?

A

Zinc deficiency

65
Q

Zinc deficiency in pigs can cause what?

A

parakeratosis

66
Q

What deficiency can cause anemia in pigs?

A

Iron, copper

67
Q

Iron and copper deficiency can cause what in pigs?

501 Final - Poultry, Swine, Beef, And Camelids (7 decks)

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