Swimming Case Study

Question 1

Chivalric Code

Answer 1

The courteous,gallant and gentlemanly behaviour associated with the upper class

Question 2

Uses for water sources as a pop rec

Answer 2

Defensive site/river crossing 
Bathe for pleasure in summer
Playground 
Food supply
Transport
Place to wash

Question 3

Why was it essential to learn to swim

Answer 3

Work, play and the river were so inter-related

Question 4

Charles II swimming

Answer 4

1660-1685, established a series of swimming contests on the Thames an the 1st open-aired swimming bath was built in London in 1784

Question 5

Pastimes and sports on the riverside

Answer 5

Informal games, athletic sports, horse racing and shooting

Frost fairs- bull baiting, prize fighting, sliding, football and feasting 1813

Question 6

Swimming at the beginning of the 19th century in public schools was…

Answer 6

Spontaneous, unorganised and centred around natural facilities, due to this being the case at home

Question 7

As the 19th century progressed, how did swimming change in public schools

Answer 7

More structured, regulated natural facilities such as river wey at charterhouse or duck and paddle at Harrow, being transformed into major bathing facilities with changing huts, diving boards, instructors and comps

Question 8

19th century changes to headmasters views on swimming

Answer 8

Necessary athletic, as well as safe and hygienic pursuit and followed contemporary fashion in believing water immersion to be therapeutic

Question 9

Stage one swimming

Answer 9

Informal in natural facilities during summer months mainly for rec, very similar to pop Rev

Question 10

Stage two swimming

Answer 10

More regular and regulated bathing for hygiene, safety and rec, beneficial to healthy lifestyle

Question 11

Stage three swimming

Answer 11

Inc tech development with changing huts, diving boards, purpose built facilities and comps, swimming masters to oversee safety and to teach

Question 12

Water cure

Answer 12

Belief in the therapeutic effects of immersion in water

Question 13

Gentry

Answer 13

Lesser nobility, who owned land

Question 14

Rational rec swimming changes with spas

Answer 14

Water cure pop in bath and Cheltenham, mid 19th the middle class took over and chose them as sites for new schools like Clinton Cheltenham and Malvern colleges

Question 15

Where did the gentry go during rat rec for swimming

Answer 15

Continental spas and the English seaside- winter cure

Question 16

Vic effects on swimming rat rec

Answer 16

Socially exclusive beaches, single sexed to ensure modesty and respectability
Bathing machines, meant mixed bathing was eventually allowed
1870’s new rail allowed lower to beach

Question 17

How did swimming and bathing change in river towns rat rec

Answer 17

Became organised, floating baths were built inc safety and respectability
Swimming became fashionable for mid and amateur, clubs formed and old festivals were brought back

Question 18

Urban and industrial towns for swimming

Answer 18

18th and 19th century industrialisation and urbanisation led to overcrowding and disease
2 major cholera outbreaks in 1832,1849 killing 1000s and leaving many without a breadwinner
The First Public Health Act 1848 and building o public baths sought to reduce the problem

Question 19

How did the government help with the poor sanitation of people during industrialisation

Answer 19

Gave loans to town councils to build public baths with the understanding the lower would be encouraged to wash
1st opened in Liverpool 1828 and the Baths and Wash-House Act 1846 was the start of bathing and swimm in industrial Britain

Question 20

How did the facilities from the wash house act differ for classes

Answer 20

Mid had plunge pools for indoor amateur swimming clubs
Working class paid 1d to hire a bathroom and to wash their clothes

Question 21

The creation of the ASA

Answer 21

1869 mid clubs met to establish laws for amateur swimming, in 1874 renamed Swimming Association of GB, ASA resulted in 1884, by 1902 500 clubs were members
Some mid class wanted ex clause

Question 22

Participation in swimming today

Answer 22

Recommend and pop since easy on joints as a non-weight bearing activity and lifelong

Question 23

Factors that have helped develop swimming and the impact of these factors on participation and perf

Answer 23

Pool tech- hoists
Improved material tech
Leisure pools
Blue flag beaches
Safety awareness
Antenatal and parental
Government targets
Inc provision/ initiatives
Success
Triathlon success

Question 24

Factors that might be a barrier to swimming today

Answer 24

Nature of activity
Esteem
Limited media coverage
Cultural factors
Risk and pollution- seas/rivers