Swimming Case Study Flashcards
Chivalric Code
The courteous,gallant and gentlemanly behaviour associated with the upper class
Uses for water sources as a pop rec
Defensive site/river crossing Bathe for pleasure in summer Playground Food supply Transport Place to wash
Why was it essential to learn to swim
Work, play and the river were so inter-related
Charles II swimming
1660-1685, established a series of swimming contests on the Thames an the 1st open-aired swimming bath was built in London in 1784
Pastimes and sports on the riverside
Informal games, athletic sports, horse racing and shooting
Frost fairs- bull baiting, prize fighting, sliding, football and feasting 1813
Swimming at the beginning of the 19th century in public schools was…
Spontaneous, unorganised and centred around natural facilities, due to this being the case at home
As the 19th century progressed, how did swimming change in public schools
More structured, regulated natural facilities such as river wey at charterhouse or duck and paddle at Harrow, being transformed into major bathing facilities with changing huts, diving boards, instructors and comps
19th century changes to headmasters views on swimming
Necessary athletic, as well as safe and hygienic pursuit and followed contemporary fashion in believing water immersion to be therapeutic
Stage one swimming
Informal in natural facilities during summer months mainly for rec, very similar to pop Rev
Stage two swimming
More regular and regulated bathing for hygiene, safety and rec, beneficial to healthy lifestyle
Stage three swimming
Inc tech development with changing huts, diving boards, purpose built facilities and comps, swimming masters to oversee safety and to teach
Water cure
Belief in the therapeutic effects of immersion in water
Gentry
Lesser nobility, who owned land
Rational rec swimming changes with spas
Water cure pop in bath and Cheltenham, mid 19th the middle class took over and chose them as sites for new schools like Clinton Cheltenham and Malvern colleges
Where did the gentry go during rat rec for swimming
Continental spas and the English seaside- winter cure
Vic effects on swimming rat rec
Socially exclusive beaches, single sexed to ensure modesty and respectability
Bathing machines, meant mixed bathing was eventually allowed
1870’s new rail allowed lower to beach
How did swimming and bathing change in river towns rat rec
Became organised, floating baths were built inc safety and respectability
Swimming became fashionable for mid and amateur, clubs formed and old festivals were brought back
Urban and industrial towns for swimming
18th and 19th century industrialisation and urbanisation led to overcrowding and disease
2 major cholera outbreaks in 1832,1849 killing 1000s and leaving many without a breadwinner
The First Public Health Act 1848 and building o public baths sought to reduce the problem
How did the government help with the poor sanitation of people during industrialisation
Gave loans to town councils to build public baths with the understanding the lower would be encouraged to wash
1st opened in Liverpool 1828 and the Baths and Wash-House Act 1846 was the start of bathing and swimm in industrial Britain
How did the facilities from the wash house act differ for classes
Mid had plunge pools for indoor amateur swimming clubs Working class paid 1d to hire a bathroom and to wash their clothes
The creation of the ASA
1869 mid clubs met to establish laws for amateur swimming, in 1874 renamed Swimming Association of GB, ASA resulted in 1884, by 1902 500 clubs were members Some mid class wanted ex clause
Participation in swimming today
Recommend and pop since easy on joints as a non-weight bearing activity and lifelong
Factors that have helped develop swimming and the impact of these factors on participation and perf
Pool tech- hoists Improved material tech Leisure pools Blue flag beaches Safety awareness Antenatal and parental Government targets Inc provision/ initiatives Success Triathlon success
Factors that might be a barrier to swimming today
Nature of activity Esteem Limited media coverage Cultural factors Risk and pollution- seas/rivers
