Swellings Flashcards

1
Q

What is a true swelling on palpatation?

A

A true swelling is a swelling that is pulsating itself

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2
Q

When palpating what is a false swelling?

A

A swelling that does not pulsating itself but is overlying an artery

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3
Q

Define tenderness

A

Pain or discomfort when pressure is applied to the area

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4
Q

Define transmillumination

A

Illumination of a swelling that contains a clear fluid

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5
Q

What is an aneurysm

A

A ballooning of a blood vessel caused by a weakness in the vessel wall

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6
Q

What is a diffuse swelling?

A

A swelling that does not have clear borders

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7
Q

Define erythema

A

superficial reddening of the skin because of injury or irritation

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8
Q

Define exudate

A

a pus like fluid that is released around areas of infection

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9
Q

What is goitre?

A

A swelling of the neck as a result of an enlarged thyroid gland.
Seen in both hyper and hypothyroidism

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10
Q

What is a haematoma?

A

An abnormal collection of blood outside the circulatory system

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11
Q

What is a hydrocoele?

A

A build up of serous fluid in a sac

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12
Q

What is oedema?

A

Excessive collection or accumulation of fluid in tissue

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13
Q

What is a varicocoele?

A

A mass of varicose veins in the spermatic cord

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14
Q

What are varicose veins?

A

Enlarged twisted veins that can occur anywhere in the body, are most common in the legs and feet

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15
Q

What is an osteophyte?

A

A bony lump that grows on the bone around joints or in the spine

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16
Q

What is Baker’s cyst?

A

a fluid-filled swelling at the back of the knee that is caused by the tissue behind the knee joint become inflamed and swollen

17
Q

Define bursitis?

A

Inflammation of a bursa which is a small fluid-filled sac that acts as a cushion between bone and a muscle, skin or tendon

18
Q

What is a ganglion swelling?

A

a fluid-filled lump that occurs near joints or tendons commonly found in the wrist or hand. Not cancer.

19
Q

Define joint effusion

A

an increase in the intra-articular fluid secondary to inflammation or infection causing the joint to become swollen

20
Q

Define hernia

A

Where part of an organ is displaced and protrudes through a weakness in the wall of the cavity it (often involving the intestine and abdominal wall)

21
Q

Define sarcoma

A

Cancer that begins in bone or in the soft tissues of the body, including cartilage, fat, muscle, blood vessels, fibrous tissue, or other connective or supportive tissue.

22
Q

What is an abscess?

A

painful collection of pus - usually caused by a bacterial infection

23
Q

What is an adenoma?

A

a benign tumour that starts in the epithelial tissue of a gland or gland-like structure

24
Q

Define cyst

A

A membranous sac or cavity or abdominal character in the body containing fluid

25
Q

What is a fibroma?

A

Benign tumour of fibrous tissue

26
Q

Define haemorrhoids

A

Swollen veins in the anus or lower rectum

27
Q

What is lipoma?

A

A benign tumour of fatty tissue

28
Q

Define lymph node

A

Small bean-shaped structure, part of the lymphatic system - Often impalpable in health

29
Q

What is a neurofibroma?

A

Tumour formed on a nerve cell sheath, frequently symptomless but occasionally malignant

30
Q

What is a neuroma?

A

tumour found on a nerve sheath

31
Q

What is a polyp?

A

small growth with a stalk that protrudes from a mucous membrane - usually benign

32
Q

What are rheumatoid nodules?

A

Firm lumps that form underneath the skin of some rheumatoid arthritis patients. They generally form on or near the base of the arthritic joints