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MBOD Week 14 BT > Sweatman Eicosoniods > Flashcards

Sweatman Eicosoniods Flashcards

1
Q

How do substances like TNF-alpha and IL-1 lead to a pro-inflammatory response?

A
  • Increase COX2 transcription

COX2 makes:
Pro-inflammatory and vasoactive eicosanoids

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2
Q

T or F: Lipoxins can downregulate inflammatory response by downregulating COX2

A

True

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3
Q

What do Leukotrienes, lipoxins, thromboxanes (TXA2), and prostaglandins all have in common?

A

Essential for Generating and Regulating Inflammatory Response:

  • Promote inflammatory cell infiltration
  • Increase blood flow and edema
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4
Q

What is the role of prostaglandins in the Stomach and GI tract?

A
  • Secretion of Protective Mucus
  • HCO3- secretion
  • Increase Blood Flow to Injured sites
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5
Q

Which COX enzyme is inhibited by NSAIDs that leads to GI issues?

A
  • COX 1 inhibition leads to GI issues, this is because it is responsible for the HOMEOSTASIS in the stomach

***This is why people though COXII inhibitors might be a good idea

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6
Q

Explain the role of Prostaglandins in the fever response.

A
  • Interleukin-1 promotes PGE2 synthesis

- EP3 receptor in pre-optic area picks up the signal and causes fever response

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7
Q

How do NSAIDs block the fever response?

A

They block PGE2 production

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8
Q

Describe the roles of COX1, COX2, and TXA2 in Renal Perfusion.

A

COX1 - makes PDs that promote salt excretion in collecting ducts

COX2 - maintains renal blood flow and glomerular filtration rate in marginally functioning kidneys (H2O and Na+)

TXA2 -Intrarenal Vasoconstrictor

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9
Q

Explain the roles of COX2 inhibitors in the CV system.

A

COX1 - is responsible for making PGs that cause platelet aggregation and vasocontriction

COX2 - makes PGs that inhibit platelet aggregation and promotes vasodilation

***Takign COX2 PGs away and leaving COX1 system in tact causes coagulation etc.

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10
Q

What is the only COX isoform present in platelets?

- why is this significant?

A
  • COX1

- TXA2 is a major product of COX1 which causes platelet aggregation

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11
Q

How does asprin act on platelets?

A
  • Low Dose Asprin irreversibly acetylates the active site of COX-1 (prevents TXA2 production)
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12
Q

Which COX isoform plays an important role in Tumorigenesis?

A

COX2

**Upregulates PGE2 production and down regulates others, PGE2 then causes signaling cascades in nearby cells

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13
Q

Because Prostaglandins are implied in cancer genesis would it be a good idea to take lots of NSAIDs everyday to prevent this?

A
  • NO - adverse side affects would probably outweigh the good
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14
Q

What role do Prostaglandins Play in Female Reproductive Health?

  • Pregnancy
  • Periods
A

In Pregnancy:
- They increase contractile response as pregnancy progresses

  • Softens Cervix

In Periods:
- COX2 regulated by estrodiol produces PGs that produce aromatase which leads to even more estradiol

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15
Q

What roles do Prostaglandins Play in Male reproductive health?

A
  • Infertility with low levels of PG in seminal Fluid

- Can help with erection

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16
Q

What is the role of prostaglandins in neurotransmission?

A
  • Inhibit release of norepinephrine
  • Increase Terminal membrane excitability
  • Causes Central sensitization augmenting pain intensity and widening the area of perception
17
Q

What role do Prostaglandins play in bone metabolism?

- issues with chronic use

A
  • Increase bone turnover and resorption (good for bones)

- Chronic Consumption may prevent fractures from healing properly

18
Q

What disease is commonly treated by acting on leukotrienes?

- How is this done (2 ways)?

A

Asthma

  1. Synthesis Inhibitors
  2. Cysteinyl Leukotriene 1 RECEPTOR blockers
19
Q

What is the physiologic role of eicosatrienoic acid and products of metabolism?
**CYP mediated arachidonic product

A
  • Vasodilators
  • Endogenous Hypotensive Agents
  • Promote Natriuresis (excretion of Na+ in the urine)
20
Q

What is the physiologic role of hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid products?
**CYP mediated arachidonic product

A
  • Mediator of Myogenic tone
  • Inhibits Na+, K+, Cl- cotransport in TA loop of Henle
  • Implicated in Hypertension due to Vascular Effects
21
Q

What is Dinoprostone?

A
  • Synthetic Prostaglandin Product
22
Q

What is the use of dinoprostone?

A
  • Oxytocic use in Inducing labor
  • 2nd Trimester of Abortion

**Administered vaginally (think about the small range over which the drug can act

23
Q

What is alprostadil and what is its use?

A
  • Synthetic Prostaglandin

- Urethral Suppository for erectile dysfunciton

24
Q

What is synthetic PGI2 given for?

A
  • Reduce Pulmonary Hypertension
25
Q

What is synthetic PGE2 given for?

A
  • powerful Brochodilator

- BUT induced cought (BAD drug)

26
Q

What is PGE1 given for?

A
  • Peptic Ulcer Prophylaxis
27
Q

What is PGF2-alpha given for?

A

Gaucoma

28
Q

T or F: COX inhibitors can cause delayed closure of the ductus arteriosus.

A

True

29
Q

What is indomethacin?

A

COX inhibitor that keeps a patent ductus arteriosus

MBOD Week 14 BT (5 decks)

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