Dyslipidemias Clin Corr

Question 1

What is Xanthelasma Palpebrarum?

Answer 1

Cholesterol Deposits in the Eyelid

Question 2

What is Corneal Arcus?

Answer 2

White ring around the Cornea

• Not as big of a deal in older patients but young people should not have these

Question 3

Why would someone with high choesterol have thick achilles tendons?

Answer 3

Cholesterol Tends to deposit here

Question 4

What level of LDL-CHOLESTEROL does the AHA recommend be put on a statin?

Answer 4

≥ 190 mg/dL

Question 5

What is suggested by a 30 y/o man that has:

• 320 mg/dL ( 40) HDL
• 245 mg/dL (

Answer 5

• We see isolated elevation of LDL cholesterol
• This suggests that JUST LDLs aren’t being taken up akd LDL receptor mutation:

FAMILIAL HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA

(since these are low in TAG and high Cholesterol TAG isn’t elevated)

Question 6

T or F: homozygotes for familial hypercholesterolemia will have LDL levels in the 500 mg/dL range

Answer 6

True - symptoms usually manifest when these people are only kids

Question 7

What would you suggest for treatment of a patient with familial Hypercholesterolemia?

Answer 7

• Increase Diet and Excercise

- BUT you definitely will need to take a STATIN ( or Eztimibe NPC1L1 inhibitor)

Question 8

Lomitapide is an MTP inhibitor, why might it cause fatty liver?

Answer 8

• Cholesterol and Fat are stuck in the liver
• LDL’s are packaged for them to get out

**Symptoms are the same with someone who has MTP disorder

Question 9

What are some symptoms of MTP deficiency?

Answer 9

1. Bilateral Retinitis Pigmentosa
2. Hepatomegaly
3. Difficulty digesting fatty foods (not enough bile)

Question 10

What are acanthocytes?

Answer 10

• Pointy Red Cells

Question 11

What is Abetalipoproteinemia and are heterozygotes affected/

Answer 11

• Loss in function of large MTP subuit

- Heterozygotes are phenotypically normal

Question 12

Why is abdominal obestity worse than gaining weight elsewhere?

Answer 12

• Its more metabolically active and can go right to the liver

Question 13

What factors classify Metabolic Syndrome?

Answer 13

• Hypertension
• Obesity
• Hyperinsulinemia
• Diabetes
• Hypertriglyceridemia
• Small, Dense LDL
• Low HDL
• Hypercoagulability

Question 14

Would you expect heterozygotes so be affected by Familial Hypercholesteremia?
- If so what would their symptoms be?

Answer 14

• YES these people will have high cholesterol
• LDL in 300 mg/dL range
• Premature Coronary Artery disease

Question 15

What drug can be given to target apoB protein production?

Answer 15

• Mipomersen

- This is an antisense oligonucleotide therapy targeting Apo B

Question 16

Why do people with MTP deficiency get Retinitis Pigmentosa?

Answer 16

• The Fat soluble vitamins (specifically Vitamin E) are deficient because they can’t get them packaged into chylomicrons