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LEED Green Associate > Sustainable Sites - 7 > Flashcards

Sustainable Sites - 7 Flashcards

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LEED Green Associate flashcards
1
Q

When should a site assessment occur?

A

Before the design to evaluate sustainable options and inform related decisions about the site design.

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2
Q

What would a site assessment reveal (7)?

A

Would reveal the sites:

  1. Topography
  2. Hydrology
  3. Climate
  4. Vegetation
  5. Soils
  6. Human use
  7. Human health effects
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3
Q

What strategies will prevent the loss of top soil due to construction activity (6)?

A
  1. Mulching
  2. Erosion control blankets
  3. Sediment (silt) fencing
  4. Berms and constructed ponds
  5. Seeding
  6. Straw bales

(Biggest construction impact is loss of top soil.)

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4
Q

What are the benefits of rainwater management (3)?

A
  1. Reduce runoff
  2. Reduce nonpoint source pollution
  3. Reduce natural water use
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5
Q

How can you reduce light pollution (3)?

A
  1. Lighting design to reduce back-lighting, uplight and glare (BUG). Selecting lights with a specific BUG rating can reduce light trespass.
  2. Lighting control
  3. Light fixtures and placement
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6
Q

What is a heat island?

A

A developed area that has a higher temperature than its surrounding areas.

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7
Q

What is SRI?

A

+ SRI = Solar Reflective Index

+ Measures the reflectance of a certain material

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8
Q

What is IESNA?

A

Illuminating Engineering Society of North America.

Publisher of lighting design and illumination standards.

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9
Q

What is pervious pavement used for?

A

Pervious pavement is used to reduce runoff by allowing runoff to filter through the pervious material.

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10
Q

What is SOLAR REFLECTANCE?

A

It is a measure of the ability of a surface material to reflect sunlight in forms of visible, infrared, and ultraviolet wavelengths, which is measured on a scale of 0 to 1. Black paint has an albedo of 0 and white paint has an albedo of 1.

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11
Q

What is HEAT ISLAND effect?

A

The heat island effect is a situation where the absorption of heat by hardscapes, buildings and dark materials then radiates to surrounding areas. The term describes the event where radiant air and surface temperatures in urban areas are higher than rural or suburban areas nearby.

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12
Q

What can cause the heat island effect (4)?

A
  1. Dark surfaces that absorb heat (black roofs, asphalt)
  2. vehicle exhaust
  3. air-conditioners
  4. reduced air flow from tall buildings and narrow streets
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13
Q

What is SOLAR REFLECTANCE INDEX (SRI)?

A

A measure of the constructed surface’s ability to stay cool in the sun by reflecting solar radiation and emitting thermal radiation.

(It is defined such that a standard black surface (initial solar reflectance 0.05, initial thermal emittance 0.90) has an initial SRI of 0, and a standard white surface (initial solar reflectance 0.80, initial thermal emittance 0.90) has an initial SRI of 100.)

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14
Q

What are the benefits of reducing heat islands?

A

Reduced energy consumption (via cooling load)

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15
Q

What effect do reflective materials have on heat islands?

A

Reducing the heat island effect.

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16
Q

What term defines paving systems that are open and allow moisture to soak into the ground below?

A

Pervious. There are many types of pervious paving systems.

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17
Q

What do IMPERVIOUS surfaces promote?

A

It promotes water runoff instead of infiltration into the subsurface. This term is mostly used when discussing hardscape surfaces.

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18
Q

By what amount can HEAT ISLANDS elevate temperatures in urban area?

A

10 degrees F or more

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19
Q

Heat islands impact what LEED category(s)?

A
  1. Sustainable Sites (SS)
  2. Energy and Atmosphere (EA).

(Heat islands increase temperatures resulting in the need for more air conditioning (and more energy to cool the air).)

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20
Q

What STRATEGIES are employed to reduce the HEAT-ISLANDS (4)?

A
  1. Use materials with higher solar reflectance properties
  2. Provide shaded areas
  3. Reduce hardscape surfaces
  4. Install vegetated roofs
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21
Q

What generally defines OPEN SPACE area?

A

Local zoning laws

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22
Q

What is light pollution?

A

Waste light from building sites that produces glare, is directed upward to the sky, or is directed off the site.

(Waste light does not increase nighttime safety, utility, or security and needlessly consumes energy)

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23
Q

What does the BUILDING FOOTPRINT consist of?

A

The area on a project site used by the building structure and defined by the perimeter of the building plan.

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24
Q

What are examples of IMPERVIOUS surfaces (4)?

A
  1. Parking lots
  2. Roads
  3. Sidewalks
  4. Plazas
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25
Q

What helps reduce the heat island effect (5)?

A
  1. Light colored paving materials
  2. Green roofs
  3. Cool roofs
  4. Shading
  5. Underground parking
26
Q

What is the DEVELOPMENT FOOTPRINT?

A

The development footprint includes all areas of a site affected by the development or project site activity. Include hardscapes, parking lots, access roads, non-building facilities and the building itself.

27
Q

What is OPEN SPACE?

A

Open space is undeveloped land, but it differs from greenfield sites since open space could have been developed in the past and restored to an undeveloped state.

28
Q

How can potable water use be reduced for irrigation (3)?

A
  1. Use graywater or rainwater for watering
  2. Use drip irrigation
  3. Install native and adaptive plants
29
Q

What does runoff contribute to (2)?

A
  1. Soil erosion

2. edimentation of local waterways

30
Q

HARVESTED RAINWATER can be substituted for what types of potable water use (4)?

A
  1. Landscape irrigation
  2. Fire suppression
  3. Toilet and urinal flushing
  4. Custodial uses
31
Q

What does a VEGETATED roof consist of (5)?

A
  1. Vegetation
  2. growing medium
  3. filter fabric
  4. drainage
  5. waterproof membrane
32
Q

What is a bioswale?

A

Landscape elements designed to remove silt and pollution from surface runoff water.

(They consist of a swaled drainage course with gently sloped sides and filled with vegetation, compost and/or riprap.)

33
Q

What is sedimentation?

A

When runoff deposits sediment into water ways, leading to a decline in water quality by blocking sunlight.

34
Q

Irrigation impacts what LEED categories?

A
  1. Water Efficiency (WE)

2. Energy and Atmosphere (EA)

35
Q

What is DRIP IRRIGATION?

A

Drip irrigation delivers water at low pressure through buried mains and sub mains.

(Water is distributed to the soil through a network of perforated tubes or emitters. Drip irrigation is much more efficient than traditional sprinkler systems.)

36
Q

What are NOXIOUS weeds?

A

They are an invasive species of plants that inhibit the cultivation and growth of local native or adaptive plants.

37
Q

What are NATIVE or INDIGENOUS plants?

A

They are adapted to a given area during a defined time period and are not invasive.

(In North America, the term often refers to plants growing in a region prior to the time of settlement by people of European descent.)

38
Q

What are considered INVASIVE plants?

A

They are nonnative to the ecosystem and likely to cause harm once introduced.

(These species are characteristically adaptable and aggressive, have a high reproductive capacity, and tend to overrun the ecosystems they enter. Collectively, they are among the greatest threats to biodiversity and ecosystem stability.)

39
Q

What are some of the benefits of VEGETATED ROOFS (5)?

A
  1. reduce the heat island effect
  2. retain runoff
  3. insulating benefits
  4. aesthetically pleasing
  5. longer life and less maintenance than conventional roofs
40
Q

What are some ways to capture rainwater to prevent runoff (3)?

A
  • Rain gardens
  • Green roofs
  • Retention/Bioretention pond
41
Q

What is an AQUIFER?

A

An aquifer is an underground layer of water-bearing permeable rock, rock fractures or unconsolidated materials.

42
Q

What are native plants?

A

Plants that are adapted to local conditions and are easier to grow and maintain.

(This low maintenance approach means savings in both time and money. Once established, native plants better withstand variations in local climate such as droughts and freezes.)

43
Q

What are adaptive plants?

A

Non-native plants that use less fertilizer, pesticides and water in a given landscape.

(These plants have adapted to the local climate and are not considered invasive plants or weeds.)

44
Q

What is irrigation efficiency?

A

The percentage of water delivered by irrigation equipment that is actually used for irrigation and does not evaporate, blow away, or fall on hardscape - USGBC

(Drip irrigation has an efficiency of 90% while conventional overhead sprinklers have an efficiency of 65%.)

45
Q

What are the benefits of NATIVE PLANTS (4)?

A
  • Native plants require less water
  • less maintenance
  • less fertilizer
  • more pest resistant.
46
Q

What is RECLAIMED WATER?

A

Reclaimed water is water that has been treated for reuse.

47
Q

What types of plants does LEED recommended using in landscape design?

A

Native and/or adaptive plants.

48
Q

What is HARVESTED RAINWATER?

A

Harvested rainwater is rainwater that has been collected for uses such as landscaping irrigation, toilet flushing, or other non-potable water uses.

49
Q

Reusing an existing building can help earn credit in what category?

A

Materials & Resources

50
Q

What is CONSTRUCTION & DEMOLITION debris?

A

Construction and demolition debris are waste building materials, dredging materials, tree stumps, and rubble resulting from construction, remodeling, repair, and demolition of homes, commercial buildings and other structures and pavements.

51
Q

What is a BUG rating?

A

The Backlight-Uplight Glare method is used in LEED v4 for light pollution reduction.

(By selecting exterior lighting with specific BUG ratings the project team can easily reduce light pollution.)

52
Q

What is a SITE ASSESSMENT?

A

An evaluation of an area’s above ground and subsurface characteristics, including its structures, geology, and hydrology.

(Site assessments typically help determine whether contamination has occurred and the extent and concentration of any release of pollution)

53
Q

Construction activity pollution prevention should address what environmental protection measures (3)?

A
  1. Soil erosion
  2. Waterway sedimentation
  3. Airborne dust
54
Q

What team member creates an erosion and sedimentation control (ESC) plan for construction activity pollution prevention?

A

Civil engineer

55
Q

What does protecting and restoring habitat help with?

A

Promoting biodiversity

56
Q

What development style reduces run off?

A

Replicating the natural hydrology and water balance of the site

57
Q

What are ways to manage runoff?

A
  1. Low-impact development (LID)

2. Green infrastructure

58
Q

What products can have a WaterSense label?

A
  • Toilets
  • Private lavatory faucets
  • Showerheads
59
Q

What is IPM?

A

Integrated Pest Management

(A method of pest management that protects human health and the surrounding environment and improves economic returns through the most effective, least-risk option.)

60
Q

What is LOW IMPACT DEVELOPMENT (LID)?

A

LID is an approach to land development (or re-development) that works with nature to manage rainwater as close to its source as possible. (EPA)

LEED Green Associate (9 decks)

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