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FE > Surveying > Flashcards

Surveying Flashcards

1
Q

BCF

A

Bank cubic feet

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2
Q

BCY

A

Bank cubic yards

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3
Q

BM

A

Benchmark

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4
Q

BS

A

Back sight

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5
Q

CCF

A

Compacted cubic feet

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6
Q

CCY

A

Compacted cubic yards

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7
Q

DD

A

Degree decimal

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8
Q

DMS

A

Degree minute second

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9
Q

FS

A

Foresight

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10
Q

HD

A

Horizontal distance

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11
Q

HI

A

Height of instrument

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12
Q

LCF

A

Loose cubic feet

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13
Q

LCY

A

Loose cubic yards

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14
Q

SPCS

A

State plane coordinate system

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15
Q

sta

A

Station

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16
Q

How many sig figs should be used in a problem?

A

The least amount of sig figs used in the problem

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17
Q

Horizontal control

A

Establishes horizontal control stations, or coordinates, for the duration of the project

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18
Q

Vertical control

A

Establishes vertical control stations, or elevations, for the duration of the project

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19
Q

Open traverse

A

Commonly used
Start and end on known locations

20
Q

Open traverse

A

Uncommon
Starts on known location, ends on unknown locations

21
Q

Angle closure

A

The avg error is equally distributed in a series of measurements and becomes the most probable interior angle measurement

22
Q

Angle problem ex
N angles given

A
  1. (N-2)(180)= sum of interior angles
  2. Sum given angles
  3. Correct 2. To fit 1 (can be by subtracting or adding - will dictate next step)
  4. Add/subtract (3./N) to all given angles
23
Q

Conversion from DMS to DD

A

Degree.Minute.Seconds

Minute/60 =m
Seconds/3600 =s

Degree+m+s

24
Q

Law of sins

A

a/sin(A)=b/sin(B)=c/sin(C)

25
Q

Law of cosines

A

a^2=b^2+c^2-2bcCos(A)

26
Q

Bank

A

The volume of earth in its natural state
OTHER NAMES: bank-measure, in situ, in-place soil

27
Q

Loose

A

The volume during transport
OTHER NAMES: loose-measure, fluffed, swell, bulk

28
Q

Compacted

A

The volume after compaction

29
Q

Swell

A

During excavation, the change in volume of earth from its natural state (or bank) to its loose state. Calculated as a percentage of bank volume

30
Q

Shrinkage

A

During the placement and compaction of excavated soil, the decrease in volume from its natural state to its compacted state. Calculated as a percentage decrease from bank state

31
Q

Average end area

A

Most widely used method to calculate volume of soil between stations in a roadway

32
Q

Average end area eq

A

V = L(A1+A2)/2

33
Q

Average end area Eq for PYRAMID

A

V = (L * A_base)/3

34
Q

Area of land profile

A

A = 0.5[a(h0+h1)+b(h1+h2)+…]

DONT FORGET TO SUBTRACT THE GIVEN HEIGHT FROM THE INDIVIDUAL HEIGHTS

35
Q

Prismoidal volume

A

V =(L(A1+4A_m+A2))/6

36
Q

Prismoidal volume definition

A

Used when, in a series of three stations, the center of each area differs greatly from the outside stations ie when the ground surface is highly irregular

37
Q

Latitude

A

Line that extends in north (+) or south (-) direction

38
Q

Departure

A

Line that extends east (+) or west (-)

39
Q

Land bearing

A

Horizontal angle

40
Q

Azimuth

A

Vertical angle

41
Q

Differential leveling

A

Used to determine the elevation difference between two points

42
Q

Total station

A

Instrument used in surveying

43
Q

Theodolite

A

Instrument for measuring both horizontal and vertical angles

44
Q

Difference in elevation Δ

A

ΣBS - ΣTP

45
Q

HI eq

A

= BS + BM

46
Q

TP elevation eq

A

HI - FS

47
Q

Percent grade

A

Angle = arctan(%slope/100)

Slope = 100tan(angle)

FE (15 decks)

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