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Surgical Techniques > Surgical Techniques - Preoperative Routine, Post-Anesthesia Care, and Related Nursing Procedures 1-B > Flashcards

Surgical Techniques - Preoperative Routine, Post-Anesthesia Care, and Related Nursing Procedures 1-B Flashcards

1
Q

nothing by mouth

A

NPO

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2
Q

liberated or uncontrolled

A

emancipated

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3
Q

a recording of the x-ray visualization of the internal anatomy of the heart and blood vessels after the intravenous injection of radiopaque contrast medium

A

angiogram

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4
Q

to develop or grow in intensity at a rate that constitutes an emergency

A

emergent

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5
Q

designated room or area where patients wait prior to being admitted to the operating room

A

preoperative holding area

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6
Q

the scientific study of poisons, their detection, their effects, and the method of treatment for conditions they produce

A

toxicology

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7
Q

an endovascular procedure that re-opens narrowed blood vessels and restores forward blood flow

A

angioplasty

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8
Q

level of force blood exerted against an artery wall or the wall of any vessel as the heart beats at the height of the pulse wave

A

blood pressure

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9
Q

a radiograph of the ureter and renal pelvis after the injection of radiopaque contrast medium

A

pyelogram

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10
Q

an x-ray of detailed tissue structure cross-sections or slices that are used to construct a 3-dimensional image

A

computerized axial tomography (CT)

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11
Q

medical imaging that uses nuclear magnetic resonance as its source of energy

A

magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)

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12
Q

the surgical removal of tonsils and adenoids

A

T&A (tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy)

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13
Q

a graphic recording of the electrical activity of the muscle of the heart to detect abnormalities

A

electrocardiogram

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14
Q

postoperative care unit

A

PACU

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15
Q

All oral intake is discontinued as ordered for at least _____ to _____ hours prior to surgery.

A

6 to 8

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16
Q

Ideally, the surgeon and ________ should visit the patient prior to surgery.

A

anesthesiologist

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17
Q

Preoperative visits by the surgeon or assistant help lessen the patient’s fear and anxiety by allowing the patient to _____ ______.

A

ask questions

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18
Q

False nails or _____ should be removed to allow the observation of the nail beds during surgery.

A

polish

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19
Q

Special preparations such as preoperative douches or _____ are performed as ordered by the surgeon or physician.

A

enemas

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20
Q

A shower with _______ solution should be performed by the patient the night before or the morning of the surgical procedure.

A

antimicrobial

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21
Q

Preoperative enemas are used in procedures involving the gastro-intestinal and _____ areas.

A

vaginal/gynecological

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22
Q

The preoperative douche cleanses the _____ area.

A

vaginal

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23
Q

_____ _____ is performed immediately before surgery, since there is less time for inflammation and _____, should the skin be compromised.

A

Hair removal

infection

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24
Q

Preoperative medication helps reduce secretion of saliva and gastric juices and prevents _____.

A

nausea

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25
Q

Explains the risks and benefits of the procedures.

A

informed surgical consent

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26
Q

authorizes the use of an experimental drug, chemical agent, or medial device on the patient

A

investigative/research device consent

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27
Q

authorizes the attending physician and staff to render standard treatment or miscellaneous procedures

A

general medical consent

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28
Q

authorizes the facility to administer blood and blood products if needed before, during, or after the surgical procedure

A

blood transfusion consent

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29
Q

authorizes proper disposal of an amputated extremity

A

specimen/limb disposal consent

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30
Q

authorizes a voluntary reproductive procedure

A

sterilization consent

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31
Q

Crosscheck information on the patient chart, ensuring that patient name, procedure, surgeon, and _____ match.

A

site

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32
Q

Assess patient’s physical and _____ status; signs of distress can affect the course of surgery.

A

emotional

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33
Q

To establish a baseline, take and document the _____ _____ on the patient chart.

A

vital signs

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34
Q

Ensure the patient has _____ or _____ before putting on a hospital gown.

A

bathed or showered

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35
Q

Remove all patient jewelry, body piercings, wigs, and _____ devices and label for safekeeping and patient safety.

A

prosthetics

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36
Q

Ensure that the patient is in a _____ hospital gown.

A

clean

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37
Q

If ordered by the physician, apply special (anti-embolic) stockings or elastic bandages to the _____ extremities to prevent blood clots.

A

lower

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38
Q

Ensure the patient has ____ prior to surgery, recording the time on the preoperative checklist.

A

voided

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39
Q

Place bed in its _____ position with the side rails _____ after patient has received pre-op medications.

A

lowest

highest

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40
Q

All _____ should accompany the patient to the operating room.

A

records

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41
Q

used for pediatric patients under 5 years of age

A

cribs

42
Q

used for patients who require supervision of their movement

A

beds or ward beds

43
Q

same-day surgery permit patients to walk to the OR

A

ambulation

44
Q

primarily used for out-patients

A

wheelchairs

45
Q

most common means for transporting patients

A

stretchers (gurneys)

46
Q

used to ease apprehensive young child when transporting to OR

A

wagon

47
Q

used for newborn and premature infants

A

isolettes

48
Q

Identify the patient verbally, by _____, and on chart, letting the patient know why you are there.

A

wristband

49
Q

Cover patient and apply safety strap over blanket _____ inches above the knees.

A

2

50
Q

Allow for _____ _____ or assist the patient onto the stretcher.

A

self transfer

51
Q

Secure side rails in _____ position.

A

highest

52
Q

Review the chart for _____.

A

completeness

53
Q

Push stretcher from _____ _____, facing patient in direction of travel, avoiding abrupt movements such as sharp turns or sudden stops or bumping into things.

A

head end

54
Q

When approaching inclining and declining ramps with doors, explain what is happening, then stop movement of stretcher at least _____ feet from start of incline or decline, open door, secure it and proceed with firm control of stretcher on ramps at all times.

A

2

55
Q

Walk _____ and in full control.

A

slowly

56
Q

Give special attention to _____, drains, IVs, etc.

A

catheters

57
Q

Check the _____ of the patient.

A

identity

58
Q

Request patient to verbally state name, date of birth, _____, procedure side and site, and surgeon.

A

allergies

59
Q

Verify that the _____ has marked the appropriate surgical site to ensure the correct site and side.

A

surgeon

60
Q

Surgical site marking may be waived in a life-threatening emergency at the discretion of the surgeon, but a _____ _____ should be conducted unless there is more risk than benefit for the patient.

A

time out

61
Q

Review patient’s chart for the presence of history and physical, surgeon’s orders, signed surgical consent, any required laboratory reports, and any _______ or interventions.

A

dx tests

62
Q

Document known allergies on chart and with an ____ _____.

A

arm band

63
Q

Report any abnormalities or discrepancies to the surgeon and/or _____ provider immediately.

A

anesthesia

64
Q

Check the _____ checklist and review with the patient to ensure accuracy.

A

pre-op

65
Q

Observe and assess the patient’s _____ level.

A

anxiety

66
Q

Check vital signs, including blood pressure, temperature, pulse and _____.

A

respirations

67
Q

Identify any oral consumption prior to surgery and _____ of consumption by asking the patient.

A

time

68
Q

Convey warmth, respect, and concern for the patient by keeping the patient covered and unexposed, ensuring patient _____.

A

dignity

69
Q

Distinguish between normal and abnormal heart sounds.

systole

A

normal

70
Q

Distinguish between normal and abnormal heart sounds.

murmurs

A

abnormal

71
Q

Distinguish between normal and abnormal heart sounds.

reduplication

A

abnormal

72
Q

Distinguish between normal and abnormal heart sounds.

diastole

A

normal

73
Q

Pulse beat is the throbbing caused by the regular contraction and expansion of an _____ _____.

A

artery wall

74
Q

Normal pulse rates vary according to _____ and _____.

A

sex and age

75
Q

A heart rate (pulse) greater than ______ beats per minute is a common indicator of tachycardia.

A

100

76
Q

An indicator of _____ is a heart rate (pulse) below 60 beats per minute in an adult.

A

bradycardia

77
Q

pulse rate in women

A

72-80 bpm

78
Q

pulse rate in infants

A

110-13- bpm

79
Q

pulse rate in children over 7

A

75-90 bpm

80
Q

recorded pulse pressure

A

systolic minus diastolic

81
Q

pulse rate in men

A

60-70 bpm

82
Q

pulse rate in neonates

A

140 bpm

83
Q

ordinary, quiet respirations made without obvious effort

A

eupnea

84
Q

painful, difficult, and labored breathing

A

dyspnea

85
Q

increased rate and/or depth of respirations

A

hypernea

86
Q

cessation of breathing or lack of breathing

A

apnea

87
Q

breathing possible only when person sits or stands in an erect position

A

orthopnea

88
Q

lack of oxygen or absence of oxygen

A

hypoxia

89
Q

decreased amount of oxygen reaching the body cells

A

anoxia

90
Q

any stoppage of respirations caused by strangulation, aspiration of foreign object, or drowning

A

suffocation

91
Q

increased CO2 and decreased O2 in the body as a result of some interference with respiration

A

asphyxia

92
Q

bubbling or rattling sounds caused by mucus in the air passages as in bronchitis or pneumonia

A

rales

93
Q

alternating cycles of hypernea and apnea, often seen in critically ill or unconscious patients

A

Cheyne-Stokes

94
Q

All institutional policies, procedures and guidelines should be followed when documenting care and _____ of the patient from PACU.

A

discharge

95
Q

Written postoperative orders pertaining to the immediate care of the patient in the PACU and follow-up instructions will be completed by the _____.

A

surgeon

96
Q

Most patients will remain in the PACU for approximately one hour or until _____ _____ are stable and they have satisfactorily recovered from the effects of anesthesia.

A

vital signs

97
Q

The PACU staff is trained to recognize complications and anticipate postoperative difficulties by carefully monitoring patients until they meet _____ criteria.

A

transfer

98
Q

The patient’s condition is scored using a _______ scoring system and the anesthesia provider or surgeon will determine if the patient is stable enough to be transferred from the PACU.

A

post-op

99
Q

A post-anesthesia evaluation must be completed no later than _____ hours after surgery or a procedure requiring anesthesia services.

A

48

100
Q

The post-anesthesia evaluation must occur in either the PACU/ICU or in another designated _____ location.

A

recovery

Surgical Techniques (16 decks)

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