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Surgical Techniques > Surgical Techniques - Positioning and Prepping 3-B > Flashcards

Surgical Techniques - Positioning and Prepping 3-B Flashcards

1
Q

an abnormal accumulation of fluid in the intestitial space of the tissues

A

edema

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2
Q

to turn the palm of the hand downward

A

pronate

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3
Q

internal organs enclosed within a body cavity, including the abdominal, thoracic, and pelvic organs

A

viscera

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4
Q

the posterior portion of the body between the ribs and the ileum

A

flank

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5
Q

a potentially dangerous abnormally low body temperature

A

hypothermia

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6
Q

force or pressure exerted against the surface and layers of the skin as tissues slide in opposite but parallel planes

A

shearing

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7
Q

pertaining to the sole of the foot

A

plantar

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8
Q

abnormally low blood volume causing a state of physical collapse and prostation caued by excessive blood loss

A

hypovolemic shock

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9
Q

an abnormal condition in which a blood clot develops with a blood vessel

A

thrombosis

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10
Q

network of nerves in the neck that pass under the clavicle and into the axilla

A

brachial plexus

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11
Q

to turn the palm of the hand upward

A

supinate

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12
Q

an abnormal presence of air in the cardiovascular system, resulting in obstruction of blood flow

A

air embollism

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13
Q

a nerve that is located on the outer part of the lower leg over the fibula

A

peroneal

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14
Q

a substance that kills microorganisms or inhibits their growth

A

antimicrobial

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15
Q

the layer of skin just below the epidermis, containing the blood vessels and nerves, glands, and hair follicles

A

dermis

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16
Q

an alteration of the basic nature or structure of a substance

A

denature

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17
Q

Characteristics of urinary catheterization:

Control _____ after surgical procedures, such as TURP or TURB.

A

bleeding

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18
Q

Characteristics of urinary catheterization:

Decompress or empty the _____ before a surgical procedure to prevent injury to the organ.

A

bladder

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19
Q

Characteristics of urinary catheterization:

Control _____.

A

incontinence

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20
Q

Characteristics of urinary catheterization:

Keep _____ from contact with the surgical wound which could result in a postoperative wound infection.

A

urine

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21
Q

Characteristics of urinary catheterization:

Monitor ____ on patients who are having a major surgical procedure.

A

output

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22
Q

Characteristics of urinary catheterization:

Promote _____ of surgical incision.

A

healing

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23
Q

Characteristics of urinary catheterization:

Provide better visualization of the operative site to prevent injury to the _____ structures.

A

genitourinary

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24
Q

Characteristics of urinary catheterization:

Collect _____ for laboratory analysis.

A

specimen

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25
Q

Characteristics of urinary catheterization:

Prevent or relieve _____ retention

A

urine

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26
Q

Considerations of urinary catheterization:

Consider the duration or length of time that the _____ is needed.

A

catheter

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27
Q

Considerations of urinary catheterization:

Provide _____ to protect the patient’s modesty when inserting the catheter.

A

privacy

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28
Q

Considerations of urinary catheterization:

Check physician’s _____ or preference card before catheterization.

A

order

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29
Q

Considerations of urinary catheterization:

Position patient and adjust _____ before beginning procedure.

A

lighting

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30
Q

Considerations of urinary catheterization:

Select the appropriate catheter for the ____ of the patient.

A

size

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31
Q

Considerations of urinary catheterization:

_____ technique must be maintained during catheterization process to prevent microorganisms from entering the urinary tract.

A

Sterile

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32
Q

Supplies for urinary catheterization:

The catheter insertion tray/kit includes sterile gloves, sterile drapes, cleansing agent, cotton swabs, disposable forceps, 10 cc yringe with sterile water to inflate the balloonm lubricant, and a _____ catheter.

A

Foley

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33
Q

Procedure for urinary catheterization:

For female catheterizationm adequate exposure of the _____ is obtained by elevating and supporting the legs by stirrups or placing them in a frog-legged position.

A

urethra

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34
Q

Procedure for urinary catheterization:

For male catheterization, if there is a _____, it is retracted to its maximal limit.

A

foreskin

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35
Q

Monitoring urine output:

Measuring the urinary output is important to ensure the _____ are functioning normally.

A

kidneys

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36
Q

Monitoring urine output:

Fluid balance is the balance of the input and output of fluids in the body to allow ______ processes to function.

A

metabolic

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37
Q

Monitoring urine output:

Assessment of fluid balance involves three elements: clinical assessment, body _____, and urine output.

A

weight

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38
Q

Safety and patient risks:

Care must be taken when positioning the female patient to prevent injury to _____ and the hip joint when placing the patient in the frog-legged position.

A

nerves

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39
Q

Safety and patient risks:

Injury to the bladder or urethra can occur from rough or incorrect insertion of the catheter or from narrowing the urethra caused by scar tissue or in a male patient from enlargement of the _____ gland.

A

prostate

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40
Q

Safety and patient risks:

Urinary tract infections can occur when ____ enter into the urinary tract when the catheter is being placed or while the catheter remains in the bladder.

A

microorganisms

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41
Q

The patient position is determined by the _____ based on the diagnosis and with a consultation with the anesthesia provider.

A

surgeon

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42
Q

The surgeon’s selected positions for various procedures will be recorded on the surgeon’s _____ _____.

A

preference card

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43
Q

The _____ is primarily responsible for positioning the patient with the assistance of the anesthesia provider and the surgeon.

A

circulator

44
Q

The _____ assumes the responsibility for complex positions and for protecting unsplited fractures during positioning.

A

surgeon

45
Q

The proper time to position a patient depends on the type of surgery, _____, and _____ of the patient, type of anesthesia, and whether the patient is experiencing pain with movement.

A

age and size

46
Q

For the _____ position, the patient is usually anesthetized after the patient is positioned. However, a child, patient scheduled for back surgery, or for an _____ position, the patient will be anesthetized before positioning.

A

supine

embarrassing

47
Q

The anesthetized patient is not moved until the _____ _____ gives permission.

A

anesthesia provider

48
Q

The anesthetized patient is positioned slowly and carefully to allow the _____ system time to adjust.

A

circulatory

49
Q

Excessive pressure on the chest must be avoided to prevent impairment of the ______ system.

A

respiratory

50
Q

Crossing ankles and legs causes _____ on blood vessels and nerves impairing circulation.

A

pressure

51
Q

Undue body exposure should be minimized to prevent hypothermia and to preserve _____ of the patient.

A

dignity

52
Q

Radial, median, or _____ nerve damage ca occur if extreme care is not used in supporting the elbow region.

A

ulna

53
Q

Stirrups that are inadequately padded or improperly placed can cause pressure on the ______ nerve, which can result in a foot drop if the damage is severe.

A

peroneal

54
Q

The legs should be raised _____ by two people when placing legs in stirrups to avoid dislocation of the hips.

A

simultaneously

55
Q

The stirrup height is adjusted according to the _____ of the patient’s legs and then elevated to an equal height.

A

length

56
Q

After surgery, the legs should be brought together and simultaneously lowered very _____ to avoid a sudden drop in the blood pressure.

A

slowly

57
Q

Identify the basic surgical positions and their variations.

A

reverse trendleberg position

58
Q

Identify the basic surgical positions and their variations.

A

jackknife

59
Q

Identify the basic surgical positions and their variations.

A

basic prone position

60
Q

Identify the basic surgical positions and their variations.

A

trendlenburg position

61
Q

Identify the basic surgical positions and their variations.

A

lateral kidney position

62
Q

Identify the basic surgical positions and their variations.

A

lithotomy position

63
Q

Identify the basic surgical positions and their variations.

A

supine position

64
Q

Identify the basic surgical positions and their variations.

A

Fowler position

65
Q

Equipment and supplies used in positioning:

A vacuum is created inside the pad by attaching a suction to withdrawn air. This allows the pad to become firm and mold to the patient’s body.

A

surgical vacuum positioning system

66
Q

Equipment and supplies used in positioning:

Raise and support the legs in the lithotomy position

A

stirrups

67
Q

Equipment and supplies used in positioning:

an adjustable arched spinal frame used whe the patient is placed in the prone position

A

Wilson frame

68
Q

Equipment and supplies used in positioning:

Used to prevent the patient from slipping when the head of the operating table is tilted downm such as in the Trendelburg position

A

shoulder braces

69
Q

Equipment and supplies used in positioning:

pad filled with foam or silicone gel to position and protect pressure points on the head, ears, knees, and elbows

A

donut

70
Q

Equipment and supplies used in positioning:

a double layer of a heavy fabric placed horiontally across the middle of a clean sheet on the operating table

A

drawsheet

71
Q

Equipment and supplies used in positioning:

a concave metal attachment that is attached on the body elevator of the operating table used to stabilize the body in the lateral kidney position

A

kidney rest

72
Q

Equipment and supplies used in positioning:

used when performing surgery on the hand and arm

A

upper extemity table

73
Q

Equipment and supplies used in positioning:

an essential positioning apparatus used for supporting the arms when giving intravenous fluids, when the site of the operation is the arm or hand, when the arm would be in the way of the operative area, and for a very obese patient when there is no space on the table beside the patient

A

armboard

74
Q

Equipment and supplies used in positioning:

used during lengthy surgical procedures to minimize pressure on nerves, blood vessels, and bony prominences

A

pressure-minimizing matress

75
Q

Equipment and supplies used in positioning:

versatile and adaptable to a number of diversified positions for all surgical specialties

A

operating table

76
Q

Equipment and supplies used in positioning:

a metal bar attached to the head section of the operating table to hold drapes off the patient’s face, and is used to separate the non-sterile area from the sterile field

A

anesthesia screen

77
Q

delivers warm air into a disposable blanket which covers the non-operative area

A

thermal control unit

78
Q

Equipment and supplies used in positioning:

used to extend the length of table; may be placed at head or foot end of table

A

footboard

79
Q

Equipment and supplies used in positioning:

a padded horseshoe shaped device that provides a cushion but rigid support for the patient’s head with cushion support running parallel to the sides o the patient’s face or the back of his or her head

A

horseshoe headrest

80
Q

Equipment and supplies used in positioning:

used to secure the patient during all inductions and most positions except the lithotomy position; placed at approximately mid-thigh level; should remain secure but not tight

A

safety strap

81
Q

commercially manufactured or created using a solid roll of blankets and placed under each side of the chest to facilitate respirations or to elevate the chest in the prone position

A

bolster

82
Q

Equipment and supplies used in positioning:

sleeves wrap aroud the patient’s extremity and connect to a compressor that applies pressure to the extremity to prevent venous stasis, thereby reducing the risk of venous thrombosis

A

sequential compression device

83
Q

Equipment and supplies used in positioning:

used to secure the knee, most often for knee surgery

A

kneeholder

84
Q

Types of antiseptic agents used for surgical skin preps:

both volatile and flammable; should not be used on mucous membranes or open woud

A

alcohol (isopropyl 70%)

85
Q

Types of antiseptic agents used for surgical skin preps:

This agent develops a cumulative action after a period of frequent use; effective against gram-positive microorganisms

A

Hexachorophene (Phisoderm)

86
Q

Types of antiseptic agents used for surgical skin preps:

nontoxic; rapid-acting, broad-spectrum, antimicrobial agent

A

chlorhexidine gluconate (Hibiclens)

87
Q

Types of antiseptic agents used for surgical skin preps:

may be combined in a solution with water or alcohol

A

iodine-based agent

88
Q

Types of antiseptic agents used for surgical skin preps:

leaves a residual effect for at least 4 hours

A

chlorhexidine gluconate (Hibiclens)

89
Q

Types of antiseptic agents used for surgical skin preps:

a complex of iodine and detergent

A

iodophors (betadine)

90
Q

Types of antiseptic agents used for surgical skin preps:

produces an antimicrobial effect by penetrating the cell proteins

A

iodophors (Betadine)

91
Q

Types of antiseptic agents used for surgical skin preps:

a patient skin prepping solution in a self-contained applicator that combines two broad-spectrum antimicrobials; alcohol for quick kill and fast drying and iodophor for long-lasting antimicrobial protection

A

3M Duraprep

92
Q

Types of antiseptic agents used for surgical skin preps:

for skin disinfection, a 70% concentration is satisfactory for skin antisepsis

A

alcohol (isopropyl 70%)

93
Q

Types of antiseptic agents used for surgical skin preps:

available in solutions, sprays, and a thick gel form which only requires painting the agent onto the area to be prepped

A

iodophors (Betadine)

94
Q

Types of antiseptic agents used for surgical skin preps:

is a good alternative for those patients who are allergic to iodophor (iodine)

A

chlorhexidine gluconate (Hibiclens)

95
Q

Complete the statement concerning common surgical sites to be prepped.

Exclude _____ and use iodophors with caution for facial preps since it can cause severe damage.

A

chlorhexidine

96
Q

Complete the statement concerning common surgical sites to be prepped.

When cleaning the external ear, insert a cotton ____ to prevent drainage into the ear.

A

plug

97
Q

Complete the statement concerning common surgical sites to be prepped.

The posterior prep area for neck procedures should extend from the _______ to the lower level of the scapula.

A

hairline

98
Q

Complete the statement concerning common surgical sites to be prepped.

For shoulder and upper extremity procedures, the prepped area extends from the neck to the lower level of the ______ _____ and to the midline both anteriorly and posteriorly.

A

thoracic cage

99
Q

Complete the statement concerning common surgical sites to be prepped.

The prepped area for abdominal procedures extends from the level of the nipples to the upper _____ including the external genitalia.

A

thigh

100
Q

Complete the statement concerning common surgical sites to be prepped.

The prepped area for forearm, elbow, and hand procedures should include the full circumference of the arm from the _____ to the fingertips.

A

axillae

101
Q

Complete the statement concerning common surgical sites to be prepped.

For the lumbar region of the back the prepped area extends from the level of the axillae downward to include the buttocks and the _____ region.

A

anal

102
Q

Complete the statement concerning common surgical sites to be prepped.

The prepped area for posterior _____ procedures extends from the hairline to the waistline, including the shoulders and axillae.

A

cervical

103
Q

Complete the statement concerning common surgical sites to be prepped.

The exteral genitalia and the _____ region are included when prepping for gynecological and genitourinary procedures.

A

perineal

104
Q

Complete the statement concerning common surgical sites to be prepped.

The prepped area for a knee and lower leg procedure should cover the circumference of the entire leg region from the ______ to the distal toes

A

midthigh

105
Q

Complete the statement concerning common surgical sites to be prepped.

For hip and upper thigh procedures the prepped area extends from the level just below the _____, covering the affected site of the abdomen, hip, buttock, and circumference of the entire lower extremity.

A

umbilicus

106
Q

Complete the statement concerning common surgical sites to be prepped.

The prepped area for ankle, foot, and toe procedures extends from the _____ and covers the circumference of the entire lower leg including the toes.

A

knee

Surgical Techniques (16 decks)

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