Surgical Syndromes Flashcards
What is afferent loop
syndrome?
Obstruction of the afferent loop of a
Billroth II gastrojejunostomy
What does ARDS stand for?
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome
(poor oxygenation caused by leaky
capillaries)
What is blind loop syndrome?
Bacterial overgrowth of intestine caused
by stasis
What is Boerhaave’s
syndrome?
Esophageal perforation
What is Budd-Chiari
syndrome?
Thrombosis of hepatic veins
What is carcinoid syndrome?
Syndrome of “B FDR”: Bronchospasm Flushing Diarrhea Right-sided heart failure (caused by factors released by carcinoid tumor)
What is compartment
syndrome?
Compartmental hypertension caused by
edema, resulting in muscle necrosis of
the lower extremity, often seen in the
calf; patient may have a distal pulse
What is Cushing’s syndrome?
Excessive cortisol production
What is dumping syndrome?
Delivery of a large amount of
hyperosmolar chyme into the small
bowel, usually after vagotomy and a
gastric drainage procedure (pyloroplasty/
gastrojejunostomy); results in autonomic
instability, abdominal pain, and diarrhea
What is Fitz-Hugh-Curtis
syndrome
Perihepatic gonorrhea infection
What is Gardner’s
syndrome
GI polyps and associated findings of Sebaceous cysts, Osteomas, and Desmoid tumors (SOD); polyps have high malignancy potential (Think: A Gardner plants SOD
What is HITT syndrome?
Heparin-Induced Thrombocytopenic Thrombosis syndrome: Heparin-induced platelet antibodies cause platelets to thrombose vessels, often resulting in loss of limb or life
What is Leriche’s syndrome?
Claudication of buttocks and thighs,
Impotence, Atrophy of legs (seen with
iliac occlusive disease) (Think: CIA)
What is Mallory-Weiss
syndrome?
Post-emesis/-retching tears in the gastric
mucosa (near gastroesophageal junction)
What is Mendelson’s
syndrome?
Chemical pneumonitis after aspiration of
gastric contents
What is Mirizzi’s syndrome?
Extrinsic obstruction of the common
hepatic bile duct from a gallstone in the
gallbladder or cystic duct
What is Munchausen
syndrome?
Self-induced illness
What is Ogilvie’s syndrome?
Massive nonobstructive colonic
dilatation
What is Peutz-Jeghers
syndrome?
Benign GI polyps and buccal pigmentation
Think: Peutz Pigmentation
What is Plummer-Vinson
syndrome?
Syndrome of: 1. Esophageal web 2. Iron-deficiency anemia 3. Dysphagia 4. Spoon-shaped nails 5. Atrophic oral and tongue mucosa Typically occurs in elderly women; 10% develop squamous cell carcinoma
What is RED reaction
syndrome?
Syndrome of rapid vancomycin infusion,
resulting in skin erythema
What is refeeding
syndrome?
Hypokalemia, hypomagnesemia, and
hypophosphatemia after refeeding a
starved patient
What is Rendu-Osler-Weber
(ROW) syndrome?
Syndrome of GI tract telangiectasia/A-V
malformations
What is short-gut syndrome?
Malnutrition resulting from 200 cm of
viable small bowel
What is SIADH?
Syndrome of Inappropriate AntiDiuretic
Hormone (Think: Inappropriately
Increased ADH)
What is another name for
Sipple’s syndrome?
MEN II
What is superior vena cava
(SVC) syndrome
Obstruction of the SVC (e.g., by tumor,
thrombosis
What is thoracic outlet
syndrome
Compression of the structures exiting
from the thoracic outlet
What is Tietze’s syndrome?
Costochondritis of rib cartilage; aseptic
treat with NSAIDs
What is toxic shock
syndrome?
Staphylococcus aureus toxin-induced
syndrome marked by fever, hypotension,
organ failure, and rash (desquamation—
especially palms and soles)
What is Trousseau’s
syndrome?
Syndrome of deep venous thrombosis
(DVT) associated with carcinoma
What is another name for
Wermer’s syndrome?
MEN I
What is Zollinger-Ellison
syndrome?
Gastrinoma and PUD
