Surgical SYNDROMES Flashcards
Obstruction of the afferent loop of a
Billroth II gastrojejunostomy
Afferent loop syndrome
What does ARDS stand for?
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome
(poor oxygenation caused by alveolar and
capillary inflammation)
Bacterial overgrowth of intestine caused by
stasis
Blind loop syndrome
Esophageal perforation
Boerhaave’s syndrome
Thrombosis of the hepatic veins
Budd-Chiari syndrome
Bronchospasm
Flushing
Diarrhea
Right-sided heart failure (caused by factors released by a tumor)
Carcinoid syndrome
Compartmental hypertension caused by edema, resulting in muscle necrosis of the lower extremity, because the fascial compatment do NOT stretch, often seen in the calf; patient may have a distal pulse
Compartment syndrome
Excessive cortisol production
Cushing’s syndrome
Delivery of a large amount of
hyperosmolar chyme into the small
bowel, usually after vagotomy and a
gastric drainage procedure (pyloroplasty/
gastrojejunostomy); results in autonomic
instability, abdominal pain, and diarrhea
Dumping syndrome
Perihepatic gonorrhea infection (perihepatic adhesions)
Fitz-Hugh-Curtis syndrome
GI polyps and associated findings of
Sebaceous cysts, Osteomas, and Desmoid
tumors (SOD); polyps have high
malignancy potential
Gardner’s syndrome
(Think: A Gardner
plants SOD)
Heparin-induced
platelet antibodies cause platelets to
thrombose vessels, often resulting in loss
of limb or life
HIIT syndrome
Heparin-Induced Thrombocytopenic Thrombosis
- Claudication of buttocks and thighs
- Impotence
- Atrophy of legs
Leriche’s syndrome
(seen with iliac
occlusive disease) (Think: CIA)
Post-emesis/-retching tears in the gastric
mucosa (near gastroesophageal junction)
Mallory-Weiss syndrome
Chemical pneumonitis after aspiration of gastric contents
Mendelson’s syndrome
Extrinsic obstruction of the common hepatic bile duct from a gallstone in the gallbladder or cystic duct
Mirizzi’s syndrome
Self-induced illness; patient desires the attention comfort of the “sick” role
Munchausen syndrome
Massive nonobstructive colonnic dilatation
Ogilvie’s syndrome
Benign GI polyps and buccal pigmentation
Peutz-Jeghers syndrome
Think: Peutz = Pigmentation
Syndrome of:
- Esophageal web
- Iron-deficiency anemia
- Dysphagia
- Spoon-shaped nails
- Atrophic oral and tongue mucosa
Typically occurs in elderly women; 10%
develop squamous cell carcinoma
Plummer-Vinson syndrome
Syndrome of rapid vancomycin infusion,
resulting in skin erythema
RED reaction syndrome
Hypokalemia, hypomagnesemia, and
hypophosphatemia after refeeding a
starved patient
Refeeding syndrome
Syndrome of GI tract telangiectasia/A-V
malformations
Rendu-Osler-Weber syndrome
Malnutrition resulting from
Short-gut syndrome
What is SIADH?
Syndrome of Inappropriate AntiDiuretic
Hormone (Think: Inappropriately
Increased ADH)
What is another name for Sipple’s syndrome
MEN II
Obstruction of the SVC (e.g., by tumor, thrombosis)
Superior vena cava syndrome
Compression of the structures exiting from the thoracic outlet
Thoracic outlet syndrome
Costochondritis of rib cartilage; aseptic (Treat with NSAIDS)
Tietze’s syndrome
Staphylococcus aureus toxin-induced syndrome marked by: 1. Fever 2. Hypotension 3. Organ failure 4. Rash (desquamation— especially palms and soles)
Toxic shock syndrome
Syndrome of deep venous thrombosis (DVT) associated with carcinoma
Trousseau’s syndrome
What is another name for Wermer’s syndrome
Men I
Gastrinoma and PUD
Zollinger-Ellison syndrome
