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AP I > Surgical Subspecialties > Flashcards

Surgical Subspecialties Flashcards

1
Q

What is a CABG procedure?

A

coronary artery bypass graft

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2
Q

What is the most common artery used when doing a CABG procedure?

A

mammary artery

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3
Q

The use of the term dissection in “Aortic arch dissection” refers to what?

A

tearing of the wall of the aortic arch

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4
Q

What anesthetic concerns are there with CV cases?

A 
general anesth
sternotomy
cario-pulmonary bypass
invasive monitoring
chest tubes
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5
Q

When doing thoracic cases, what is the most common position?

A

lateral decubitus

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6
Q

What kind of tube is used for one-lung ventilation?

A

double lumen tubes

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7
Q

What anesthetic concerns are there with thoracic cases?

A

general anesth
sternotomy
invasive monitoring
chest tubes

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8
Q

How do you confirm a double lumen tube placement?

A

Fiber optic scope

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9
Q

What procedure in neurosurgery cases puts that bone back onto skull at the end of the surgery?

A

Cranioplasty

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10
Q

What anesthetic concerns are there with neurosurgery cases?

A 
GA/local/mac
invasive monitoring
hyperventilation: keeps EtCO2 28-33 which decreases cerebral blood flow
positioning
very deeply paralyzed
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11
Q

What is burst suppression?

A

Where propofol is given to make brain electrical activity 0 which decreases need for O2 and blood supply

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12
Q

What do you have to monitor closely when using burst suppression?

A

Blood pressure

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13
Q

What is min intracranial pressure?

A

> 15 mmHg

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14
Q

In ortho cases, what is the maximum amount of time you want to leave tourniquet up?

A

2 hours

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15
Q

With tourniquet pain, what is the remedy?

A

Only remedy is to turn pressure from tourniquet down.

Hypotension results from release of tourniquet

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16
Q

When doing Optho cases, what gas should never be used and what can the pt not do for days after surgery?

A

No N2O because of tendency to go into air pocket

No getting on airplanes b/c same reason with pressure fluctuations

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17
Q

What is the oculocardiac reflex?

A

When lateral muscle of eye is pulled on that causes severe drop in HR
Surgeon must release or get atropine ready

18
Q

What is claudication?

A

stenosis in vasculature of legs that causes the pins and needles sensation after sitting on the leg

19
Q

When doing a cholecystectomy, what are you working on?

A

gall bladder

20
Q

What gas is used to insufflate the abdomen during laparascopic cases?

A

CO2

21
Q

What anesthetic concerns are there with laparascopic cases?

A

GA
abdominal insufflation
Positioning KEY
EtCO2 increases

22
Q

What position would you place the patient in a lap gastic bypass?

A

reverse trendelenburg

23
Q

What position would place a patient for a lap pelvic surgery?

A

Trendelenburg

24
Q

What must all patients undergoing a lap case get?

A

FOLEY

must be aware of bladder pain and tear

25
Q

For transplant cases, how long is the kidney good for?

A

24 hours

26
Q

For dialysis patients, the iv must go on the _______ side of the fistula?

A

opposite

27
Q

For transplant cases, how long is the heart good for?

A

4 hours

28
Q

For transplant cases, how long is the liver good for?

A

12 hours

29
Q

For transplant cases, how long are the lungs good for?

A

Not very

very delicate and very sensitive

30
Q

For transplant cases, all surgeries need an artline except?

A

Kidney transplants

31
Q

What do you want to keep the volume status at of a patient undergoing kidney/liver transplant?

A

Hypervolemic

32
Q

What do you want to keep the volume status at of a pt undergoing a heart transplant?

A

Hypovolemic

33
Q

What drug do you not want to pregnant patients?

A

Versed

can cause birth defects

34
Q

When giving fentanyl to mother, what must be accounted for in fetus?

A

Respiratory depression b/c drug crosses placenta

35
Q

When positioning during labor, what is the key thing to remember?

A

Place a pillow under right hip to slide the weight of the baby off the vena cava which helps elevate BP

36
Q

When doing blocks for OB, which is more of the motor block?

A

Spinal block

37
Q

When doing blocks for OB, which is more of the sensory block?

A

Epidural placement

38
Q

What is the APGAR test used for?

A

measure of the baby vitals after birth

39
Q

What does procedure that ends at -scopy do?

A

Looking at the organ/area

40
Q

What does the procedure that ends with -ectomy do?

A

Takes the organ out

AP I (8 decks)

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