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AP I > Old Exam Questions > Flashcards

Old Exam Questions Flashcards

1
Q

What is most common valvular defect?

A

Mitral valve prolapse

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2
Q

Total teeth of adult human

A

32

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3
Q

What are the front 4 teeth on top and bottom?

A

Incisors

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4
Q

What is most serious lower respiratory disease found in children?

A

Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV)

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5
Q

Fentanyl is _______ times more potent than morphine.

A

100 times

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6
Q

Leading cause of chronic liver disease in US?

A

Hepatitis C

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7
Q

What are the seroconversions of HbV and HcV?

A 
HbV= 30%
HcV = 1.8%
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8
Q

Coffee is considered a clear liquid when determining NPO time for how long?

A

2 hours

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9
Q

How often should Anesthesia personnel be screened for TB?

A

TB test every 12 months

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10
Q

What are normal creatinine levels and what do they represent?

A

0.6-1.3 mg/dl

Normal kidney functions

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11
Q

As age increases, creatinine levels go UP/DOWN?

A

DOWN

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12
Q

What is the most important variable to consider when delivering anesthesia?

A

Adequate perfusion

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13
Q

What is the Alveolar O2 equation?

A

FiO2 (Pb-Ph2O) - (PaCO2/R)

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14
Q

Define sterile

A

Free of microorganisms

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15
Q

What test is recommended for patients over 40 years of age?

A

EKG

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16
Q

What are some pre-op Diabetes comorbidities?

A

HTN, myocardial ischemia, peripheral neuropathy, PVD (peripheral vascular disease), CRI (chronic renal insufficiency)

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17
Q

On a liver function panel, what is the best test to indicate liver disease?

A

ALT

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18
Q

What gas is least soluble in blood?

A

Desflurane

0.42 blood/gas coefficient

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19
Q

What is the toxic dose of lidocaine?

A

5 mg/kg

7mg/kg if w/ epi

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20
Q

Normal human plasma osmolarity?

A

280-310 mOsm / L

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21
Q

What is a continual ASA monitoring standard?

A

Means it is repeated, regular and frequent

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22
Q

What is a continuous ASA monitoring standard?

A

Means it is uninterrupted

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23
Q

What is the leading cause of operative mortality in elderly patients?

A

Perioperative myocardial infarction

24
Q

Anion with the greatest extracellular ion concentration?

A

Chloride

25
Q

What condition will not effect the MAC of a pt?

A

Hypo/Hyper thyroid

26
Q

What is the toxic dose of bupivacaine?

A

2.5 mg/kg

3 mg/kg w/ epi

27
Q

What is the myocardial REinfarction risk?

A

5% after 6 months

28
Q

What leads are used to detect a MI and what do you look for/what is seen?

A

V5 lead

ST segment elevated/depressed

29
Q

What is solubility of Nitrous?

A

0.47

30
Q

What is solubility of Desflurane?

A

0.42

31
Q

What is solubility of sevoflurane?

A

0.63

32
Q

What is solubility of isoflurane?

A

1.4

33
Q

List the order of anesthetics gases from most soluble to most insoluble.

A

Iso > Sevo > N2O > Des

34
Q

For redistribution of fluids, what portion of D5W stays intravascular?

A

0.8 or 8% (did you mean 80%????)

35
Q

What are the precordial (unipolar) leads?

A

V1-V6

36
Q

List some PRBC transfusion consequences

A

With each unit, Hct up by 3%]

HgB up by 1 gm/dL

37
Q

What do you do when you perform a negative pressure check of the machine?

A

Suction bulb test of common gas outlet

38
Q

What is being checked when performing a suction bulb check?

A

Checks flowmeters

—I don’t think this is right, Wesley

39
Q

If worried about aspiration, what drug can be given to speed up gastric emptying?

A

Metoclopramide (reglan)

40
Q

If worried about aspiration, what drug can be given as a H2 blocker that will reduce the volume of acid secretions in the stomach?

A

Pepcid

41
Q

What is non-particulate antacid that can be used to treat an aspiration risk if the pt’s pH goes up significantly?

A

Na citrate

42
Q

What are some contraindications for solutions?

A

Avoid hespan and LR in diabetics
Avoid dextran in renal failure
Avoid hetastarch in CHF, renal disease, coagulopathy
AND NS CAN CAUSE ACIDOSIS

43
Q

If you increase the anesthetic inhalational uptake, what do you do to the onset time?

A

SLOWER/ DECREASE

44
Q

What are the normal ranges for NA?

A

135-145 mEq/L

45
Q

What is the normal range for K?

A

3.5-5.3 mEq/L

46
Q

What is normal range for Cl?

A

95-105 mEq/L

47
Q

What is normal range for Bicarb?

A

20-29 mEq/L
>26 = metabolic alkalosis
<22 = metabolic acidosis

48
Q

What is normal range for BUN?

A

10-26 mg/dL

49
Q

What is normal range for creatinine?

A

0.6-1.3 mg/dL

A double in creatinine = 50% reduction in glomerular filtration rate

50
Q

What is normal range for glucose?

A

70-115 mg/dL

51
Q

What is normal range for WBC?

A

4500-11000
high levels indicate infection
low levels due to chemo, radiation, or immune disorders

52
Q

What is normal range for HgB?

A

Females : 12-16 g/dL
Males: 13-17g/dL
<8g/dL = indicates needs for transfusion

53
Q

What is normal range for Hct?

A

Females: 36-45%
Males: 39-49%

54
Q

What is normal range for a platelet count?

A

150000 - 450000

55
Q

What is the normal range for prothrombin time (PT)?

A

10-14 seconds
Prolonged PT = low factor 7 / liver damage
(factor 7 deficiency is only cause of prolonged PT with a normal PTT)

56
Q

What is normal range for partial thromboplastin time (PTT)?

A

25-38 seconds

Measures intrinsic clotting factors

AP I (8 decks)

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